1. Hedo NIES results Spring 2004 *Akinori Takami, Takao Miyoshi, Akio Shimono, Shiro Hatakeyama, NIES, Japan takamia@nies.go.jp

2. Outline Chemical analysis of aerosol by Aerodyne Aerosol Spectrometer (AMS) at Cape Hedo, Okinawa Japan Comparison to previous data (Fukue)

3. China Japan Korea Fukue N Hedo, Okinawa Map of East Asia and Our observation areas and places

4. Particle Separation: High Vacuum with Aerodynamic lens system (Non-refractory PM1.0) Size Distribution: Particle Time-of-Flight Chemical Composition: Flash Vaporization with EI Mass Spectrometry (0-300 amu) Credit for animation: Matt Thyson (Massachusetts) & Prof. Jose-Luis Jimenez (U Colorado) Experimental; Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (Aerodyne AMS)

5. AMS at Hedo Okinawa Measurement site at Hedo Min.Of Environment, Japan site

6. Chemical components measured by AMS at Hedo, Okinawa spring 2004 High sulfate loadings 31M 2A 20A av. ug m-3 NH4, 2.00 NO3, 0.16 SO4, 6.95 Cl, 0.04 Org 2.14

7. High sulfate on 2 April Similar TOF shape; internally mixed Air masses from Chinese continent

8. Chemical components measured by AMS at Hedo, Okinawa spring 2004 50-60 % are sulfate

9. China Japan Korea N Okinawa 0.77, 0.02, 0.30 Fukue 0.91, 0.10, 1.05 Nitrate to sulfate ratio and organics to sulfate ratio decrease in remote islands. Chemical transformation occurred. Ratio of nitrate, ammonium to sulfate Blue NO 3 /SO 4, Orange NH 4 /SO 4, Ratio in neq m -3 Green Org / SO 4  g m- 3