2. Topics covered in this talk Introduction. Developing the Web Site. Air Quality Monitoring and QA/QC. Trends Analysis and Mapping Air Quality in Scotland.

3. Context – The Scottish AQ Website will part of a family of UK on-line resources… The UK website The Welsh website The NI website

4. Variety of tasks involved- air quality science, IT, database and web development Diversity of policy drivers and objectives Wide range of data users and air quality stakeholders This Scottish website project will be characterised by:

5. 1. 1.Designing and populating a pilot air quality database for Scotland 2. 2.Assessing the quality, variety and compatibility of air quality data collected across Scotland 3. 3.Trialling Web Logger technology at six suitable local authority sites. 4. 4.Liaising with stakeholders and gaining their views on requirements of the database 5. 5.Developing tools to map air quality across Scotland and ensuring trends are accessible from the air quality archive 6. 6.To be creative in designing a website which enables easy access to air quality data for a wide variety of potential users Project Tasks

6. Scottish air quality stakeholders and data users Some of these… –Scottish Executive (policy development and monitoring) –SEPA (Regulatory) –Local government (planning, LAQM, review and assessment, Action Plans) –Air Quality Scientists (research) –Doctors and epidemiologists (health impact assessment) –The European Commission (statutory/compliance reporting) –The general public (welfare, social amenity, responsible behavioural change) –Students/educational community –NGOs and special interest groups Each requires rapid and efficient access to data and information in formats meeting their needs…

7. That’s one of the reasons why consultation is so important… This is a pilot website, and this meeting is an important stage in the process of ensuring all users and stakeholders get what they want through. Other stages will include… Pre-assessment by stakeholders when URL first activated (password protected) Pre-assessment by stakeholders when URL first activated (password protected) Feedback on questionnaire placed on live website (used for other Government/DA sites) Feedback on questionnaire placed on live website (used for other Government/DA sites) Seminar in Sept 2006 to present findings of pilot study Seminar in Sept 2006 to present findings of pilot study

8. Current and historic hourly PM10, NO2,CO, SO2, 03, VOC data from automatic air quality monitoring stations (currently 13 AURN/ HC and 19 Local Authority/Calibration Club) collected automatically by telemetry For six automatic sites, the Web logger system is being trialled Daily or monthly data from several hundred sampler monitoring stations (NO2, SO2, 03 diffusion tube, HC samplers, Smoke/SO2 bubblers etc) collected mainly by email/web form Plus lots more cool stuff including derived AQ analyses and information, forecasts, monitoring information, links and so on More on this later in the talk.. So, what ’ s going to be in the Database and website?

9. Demonstration of web services and resources 1) Preview screenshots of work under development for the Scottish Website 2) A review of the existing Welsh website

12. Home Graphed data Monitoring info Download data Forecasts Air Quality info Reports Links WAQF area More… Key Welsh web resources

13. Project Aims related to Monitoring and QA/QC Project Aim To assess the quality and variety of air quality data collected across Scotland and evaluate its compatibility Technical Requirements To explore options for an automatic interrogation systems for collecting non-continuous air quality monitoring data from selected Scottish local authorities To provide QA and QC procedures for capturing and handling air quality data and advising local authorities and others on these issues

14. UK Network Sites in Scotland NetworkAuto/ Sampler No. sites Automatic Urban and Rural (AURN)A12 Non Auto smoke/SO 2 and NO 2 S14 (S) 121 (N) Rural Acid Deposition and SO 2 S11 Automatic HydrocarbonA1 PAHS3 Heavy MetalsS3 Rural Metal DepositionS2 Non – Auto Benzene and ButadieneS2 AmmoniaS26 Nitric AcidS4

15. Local Authority Automatic Sites: Results of Scottish Executive Questionnaire in 2005 32 Scottish Local Authorities 32 Scottish Local Authorities 13 no reply 13 no reply 8 no automatic monitoring 8 no automatic monitoring 19 LA automatic sites in 8 LAs 19 LA automatic sites in 8 LAs 150 NO 2 diffusion tubes – probably lots more 150 NO 2 diffusion tubes – probably lots more We will be contacting Local Authorities to update the data as part of the Database Project

16. The whole process- turning air quality data into information The whole process- turning air quality data into information Reliable Database Raw Data Information Use Step 1: Measurement- collect data Step 2: QA/QC- data validation Step 3: Analysis & interpretation Step 4: Reporting & dissemination

17. Overall aim of National QA/QC Network Aims & Objectives: Meeting statutory requirements (eg EC Directives) Informing the public about air quality Providing information for local air quality review and assessment Identifying long term trends Assessment of policy effectiveness

18. Provisional and Ratified data Provisional data available every hour based on last manual calibration data screened by software Ratified data available after 3-months additional manual checking and ratification fully quality assured and quality controlled

19. Data Ratification Raw 15 min data Ratified hourly data

20. Non - automatic data We will use innovative web forms to collect the data First used for Welsh archive To be used UK-wide Improve efficiency, speed and reliability of capture process Also makes life easier easier for data providers!

21. Introduction to mapping and trends This work has been commissioned by the Scottish Executive – Why? UK Trends and maps may not be accurate for Scotland. Citizens and policy-makers in Scotland need to know: –Is air quality improving? –Which areas are the worst?

22. Air Quality Trends Analysis for Scotland

23. Trends Analysis – What is it? Short-term trends over a period of hours, weeks or months. Long-term trends over many years. Individual sites or the average from a “basket” of selected sites.

24. Advanced Graphing The Pilot Scottish database will provide pre-prepared neat time-series graphs of all pollutants at each site for one week or one month. Other selectable graphs could be provided on line in the future - including: Timeseries. Diurnal. Frequency Distribution. Trends. Regressions.

25. Key Air Quality Indicators These are based on long- term trends. They are critical for: –Informing the public about how air quality is changing. –Understanding the impact of emissions, weather and policies. As part of this project, we will be looking specifically at developing air quality indicators for Scotland.

26. How… Calculate “Headline Indicator” of number of Moderate or worse air pollution episodes using AURN sites in Scotland + any other long-term data available – –75% Minimum Annual Data Capture. – –Calculate for Rural and Urban locations. Examine long-term trends from: – –NO 2 diffusion tube monitoring (Background and Roadside). – –Automatic NO 2 and PM 10 monitors. Careful review will be required to determine whether the number of sites is sufficient to determine a robust trend.

27. Examples- Recently Calculated for Northern Ireland Headline Indicator. Annual trends: –Diffusion Tubes. –Automatic NO 2. –Automatic PM 10. Some sites may be included despite low data capture if it preserves the trend. Expert judgement will need to be taken in these cases. –Ozone?

28. Mapping Air Quality in Scotland

29. Examples of UK mapped data on-line Modelled background concentration maps. Downloadable grid data. Compiled emissions inventory maps. Data by postcode

30. Background Air Quality Maps These are derived by Netcen from emissions data and monitoring results. They are key for: –Clearly showing the spatial distribution of pollutants across large areas. –Review and Assessment. An accurate background is essential. As part of this project, we will be looking specifically at developing the background air quality maps for Scotland.

31. How will we do this? The work will be in two stages. – –The existing Scottish data from the UK mapping will be validated solely against Scottish Monitoring Data to see how well it fits. – –A new improved mapping kernel will be developed for Scotland from the Pilot Study Database.

32. Stage 1 Extract background data for relevant grid squares in Scotland. Compare with measured data in the database by use of linear regression. Assess accuracy and likely sources of error. Report.

33. Stage 2 Develop a new mapping kernel based on Scottish monitoring data only. This will be the first time this has been done for the Devolved Administrations. Better Maps - more monitoring and an improved emissions inventory in future.

34. Thank you- any questions?