1. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture prepared by Jan Campbell T H E B A S I C S SIXTH EDITION Managing Your Weight: Finding A Healthy Balance 10

2. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Introduction 61% of Americans are overweight 500,000 lives are lost each year Many health risks associated, e.g. diabetes, coronary heart disease, etc. $100 billion in medical expenses and lost productivity

3. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Table 10.2

4. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Body Image Determining the Right Weight for You Reference Table 10.2 for Healthy Weight Ranges Redefining Obesity: Past Scales Obesity is defined as an accumulation of fat Gradient definitions of overweight and obesity Men and women have different expected amounts of fat

5. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Body Image Too Little Fat? Minimum for men 3-4% Women 8% – amenorrhea

6. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Body Mass Index: Are You at a Healthy Weight? Figure 10.1

7. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Assessing Fat Levels Body Mass Index Index of the relationship between height and weight BMI of 19-25 indicates healthy weight Does have limitations Waist-to-Hip Ratio Weight in abdominal region associated with more risk Waistline greater than 40 inches men / 35 in women, risky

8. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Assessing Fat Levels Measures of Body Fat Hydrostatic weighing technique Pinch and skinfold measure Girth and circumference measure Soft-tissue roentgenogram Bioelectrical impedance analysis Total body electrical conductivity

9. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Risk Factors for Obesity Key Environmental Factors Energy intake is high Bombarded with advertising Changes in working families Bottle feeding Increase in sedentary lifestyle

10. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Risk Factors for Obesity Heredity Body type and genes Obesity genes Hunger, Appetite, and Satiety Adaptive thermogenesis Brown fat cells What is the difference between hunger, appetite, and satiety?

11. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Risk Factors for Obesity Developmental Factors Hyperplasia Hypertrophy

12. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Risk Factors for Obesity Setpoint Theory Body has a set weight Plateau Endocrine Influence Thyroid gland Psychosocial Factors Food as reward

13. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Risk Factors for Obesity Metabolic Changes Age Body composition Gender Lifestyle Activity Calorie intake Smoking

14. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Risk Factors for Obesity Gender and Obesity Women more vulnerable to weight gain Social physique anxiety (SPA)

15. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Managing Your Weight Keeping Weight Control in Perspective Each person is different Weight loss is not simple Setting Realistic Goals Maintainable lifestyle change

16. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Managing Your Weight What is a Calorie? Unit of measure of the amount of energy obtained from food One pound of fat = 3,500 calories Exercise Resting metabolic rate Exercising metabolic rate

17. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Managing Your Weight Changing Your Eating Habits What triggers your eating Selecting a Nutritional Plan Set goals Seek help from reputable sources

18. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Managing Your Weight “Miracle” Diets Health Risks Ketosis Trying to Gain Weight Control exercise Eat more calories Supplement your diet Relax

19. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Eating Disorders Anorexia Nervosa Self-starvation Intense fear of fat 1% of adolescent girls Bulimia Nervosa Binge and then take inappropriate measures to lose calories 3% of adolescent and young females

20. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Eating Disorders Bulimia Nervosa (continued) Males 1 for every 10 females Often at normal weight Binge Eating Disorder Often clinically obese Eat excessive amounts without purging

21. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Table 10.3

22. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Eating Disorders Who is at Risk? Most often young people Obsessive-compulsive disorder/depression/anxiety all play a role Tend to be women from middle to upper class families Male sufferers are increasing

23. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Eating Disorders Treatments for Eating Disorders Goal is to stabilize the patient’s life Long-term therapy Multidimensional approach