1. IS 421 Information Systems Analysis James Nowotarski 11 November 2002

2. Recap data flow diagramming Understand what will be on final exam Discuss Assignment 5 Discuss Quiz 3 Today’s Objectives

3. Course Map Contents 1. Introduction Planning Phase 2. Project Initiation 3. Project Management Analysis Phase 4. Systems Analysis 5. Gathering Information 6. Process Modeling 7. Data Modeling 1234678910115 Assignments Quizzes Final Week Core Exam Review

4. Topic Duration Quiz 3 Recap15 minutes Work Planning Recap30 minutes Assignment 5 Recap30 minutes *** Break15 minutes Analysis Phase Wrap-up30 minutes Final Exam Study Guide15 minutes Sample problemsremainder Today’s agenda

5. Topic Duration Quiz 3 Recap15 minutes Work Planning Recap30 minutes Assignment 5 Recap30 minutes *** Break15 minutes Analysis Phase Wrap-up30 minutes Final Exam Study Guide15 minutes Sample problemsremainder Today’s agenda

6. Quiz 3 Problem 6 Context

7. Quiz 3 Problem 6

8. Topic Duration Quiz 3 Recap15 minutes Work Planning Recap30 minutes Assignment 5 Recap30 minutes *** Break15 minutes Analysis Phase Wrap-up30 minutes Final Exam Study Guide15 minutes Sample problemsremainder Today’s agenda

9. Create the work plan Users requirements 1 Negotiate reqts negotiated requirements 2 Decom- pose work breakdown structure 4 Estimate resources workmonths 3 Estimate size deliverable size 5 Develop schedule Iterate as necessary

10. Estimating a Project Based on Industry Information Planning Analysis Design Implementation Industry Standard For Web15% 20% 35% 30% Applications Time Required 4 5.33 9.33 8 in Person Months

11. Management Challenges in Analysis Political difficulties –Especially in larger projects, where the new system will serve several, possibly conflicting, interest groups Communication problems –People of different backgrounds, vocabularies being asked to work together –Users in particular may struggle to understand the technical-looking outputs of the Analysis phase Scope management Analysis paralysis –Easy to become mired in detail, not know when to finish “Prematurely physical”

12. Project Management (50K foot view) Create Work plan Staff the project Control project work

13. Estimating Schedule Time Rule of thumb for estimation Schedule Time (months) = 3.0 * person-months 1/3 Source: Boehm, B. Software Engineering Economics

14. Timeboxing Fixed deadline Reduced functionality, if necessary Fewer “finishing touches”

15. Margins of Error in Cost and Time Estimates Typical margins of Error for Well-done Estimates PhaseDeliverableCost (%)time (%) PlanningSystem Request40060 Project Plan10025 AnalysisSystem Proposal5015 DesignSystem Specification2510 Source: Boehm et al. (1995)

16. Relative Cost to Fix an Error It costs 50x more to fix an error discovered in production than in Analysis phase Phase in which error detected AnalysisDesignCodeUnit testAcceptance test Production 0.1 0.2 0.5 1 2 5 10 20 50 Relative cost to fix

17. Tracking Tasks Using Gantt Chart Action Week 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

18. CASE Tools Initiation Analysis Design Implementation Upper CASELower CASE Integrated CASE (I-CASE)

19. Procedural Metadata Logic DiagramsScreen Designs CASE Repository CASE Components

20. Classic Mistakes Overly optimistic schedule Failing to monitor schedule Failing to update schedule Adding people to a late project Scope creep Lack of change control

21. Topic Duration Quiz 3 Recap15 minutes Work Planning Recap30 minutes Assignment 5 Recap30 minutes *** Break15 minutes Analysis Phase Wrap-up30 minutes Final Exam Study Guide15 minutes Sample problemsremainder Today’s agenda

22. Topic Duration Quiz 3 Recap15 minutes Work Planning Recap30 minutes Assignment 5 Recap30 minutes *** Break15 minutes Analysis Phase Wrap-up30 minutes Final Exam Study Guide15 minutes Sample problemsremainder Today’s agenda

23. Analysis Phase From Planning Phase: System request Feasibility analysis Workplan. Dev Analysis Plan Examine- As-is Identify Improve- ments Develop Basic System Concepts Develop Data Model Develop Process Model Prepare Proposal System Walkthrough To Design Phase: Deliverables: Analysis PlanFunctional Requirements Quality Requirements System Concept Data Model Process Model System Proposal

24. Analysis Phase From Planning Phase: System request Feasibility analysis Workplan. Dev Analysis Plan Examine- As-is Identify Improve- ments Develop Basic System Concepts Develop Data Model Develop Process Model Prepare Proposal To Design Phase: Deliverables: Analysis PlanFunctional Requirements Quality Requirements System Concept Data Model Process Model System Proposal Develop Concept for To-Be System

25. Staffing Considerations #1 success factor Right skills at the right time Best to have a functional orientation Architecture work will likely begin in parallel Need people who are multidisciplinary No substitute for experience

26. Topic Duration Quiz 3 Recap15 minutes Work Planning Recap30 minutes Assignment 5 Recap30 minutes *** Break15 minutes Analysis Phase Wrap-up30 minutes Final Exam Study Guide15 minutes Sample problemsremainder Today’s agenda

27. Topic Duration Quiz 3 Recap15 minutes Work Planning Recap30 minutes Assignment 5 Recap30 minutes *** Break15 minutes Analysis Phase Wrap-up30 minutes Final Exam Study Guide15 minutes Sample problemsremainder Today’s agenda

28. End of slides