1. Communication and Theatre 310: Organizational Communication Human Relations and Human Resources

2. Leadership = process of exerting influence toward the attainment of organizational goals

3. Frederick Winslow Taylor mechanical engineer uneducated immigrant labor

4. W. Edwards Deming the promoter of “TQM” based his ideas of “continuous improvement” upon Taylor’s Theory. This year at MSU- Billings we are engaged in “CQI”...

5. Influences on Taylor: 1. Evolution

6. 2. Psychoanalysis We are children in big bodies.

7. 3. Mechanism

8. Approach to leadership is the classic authoritarian manager who holds all the power, gives order, acts superior, demands obedience. W. R. Hearst

9. Henri Fayol: classical management (administrative science) Planning Organizing Commanding (goal setting) Coordinating Controlling

10. Mayo and the Hawthorne studies at Western Electric What do you make of this?

11. Mary Parker Follett: a democratic pragmatist who believed that “only cooperation among people working together in grous under visionary leadership produced excellence in the workplace (p. 71).”

12. Kurt Lewin = human relations, WWII National Training Laboratories 1948 Abraham Maslow, 1954

13. The basis for the human relations approach is “that if you treat people well, they will do good work.” Critique this notion... False openness; abuse of trust; happiness = productivity...

14. Ohio State Studies isolated two leadership factors: Consideration Initiating structure

15. employee orientation productivity orientation Similarly the Michigan research claimed a continuum of:

16. How relevant are Herbert Simon’s notions today? “... people lack knowledge not only of the consequences of their actions, but also of the alternative courses of action and of the criteria on which to judge the choices available.”

17. Douglas McGregor The Human Side of Enterprise, 1961 (d. 1964) internal rewards self-actualization holism

18. Likert - 4 managerial systems based upon level of trust in workers to make decisions level 1 = no trust level 2 = master slave level 3 = substantial trust level 4 = complete trust

19. Tannenbaum - seven point continuum of leadership based upon amount of subordinate participation in decision- making. 1= no participation; 7=democracy.

20. Managerial Grid task people 1,1 impoverished 9,1 task master 1,9 country club 5,5 compromise 9,9 team

21. The “new” Managerial Grid task people 1,1 indifferent 9,1 controlling 1,9 accommodating 5,5 status quo 9,9 sound

22. The “new” Managerial Grid task people 1,9 9,1 paternalistic

23. The “new” Managerial Grid task people 1,9 9,1 opportunistic 5,5 1,1 9,9

24. Recap work people ` F. Taylor Theory X Theory Y Managerial Grid 9,1 5,5 1,9 M. Follette