1. Introduction to Computational Linguistics Linguistics: LS-2 “Computerlinguistik”

2. Information for the course Stud.IP FB10 website: –http://www.fb10.uni- bremen.de/anglistik/ling/ws08/intro-cl.htmhttp://www.fb10.uni- bremen.de/anglistik/ling/ws08/intro-cl.htm

3. Goals for the course After taking this course, you should be able –to download and install basic computational linguistics programs –write basic algorithms for processing natural language in the most advanced programming language yet derived (Prolog)! –to know the overall structure of the field of computational linguistics –to know quite a bit about grammar and semantics that non-computational folks are still struggling with!

4. Organisation History Theoretical Work Practical Work

5. Organisation History –what is computational linguistics? –where did it come from? –what does it have to do with linguistics? Theoretical Work –frameworks used in computational linguistics –grammars and semantics –algorithms Practical Work –running programs –processing language

6. Today a bit of history … … and a bit of practical work

7. History: what is computational linguistics? Early days: machine translation Automatic analysis Automatic generation Relation to linguistics

8. Practical Work We will be using a range of programs, some quite sophisticated: but we will also try only to use FREE software… We will be doing some natural language generation, using a special system built just for this We will also be doing some natural language analysis … –here, rather than taking something ‘off the shelf’, we will build our own –for this, you will learn a programming language, one of the most famous ‘artificial intelligence’ programming languages: Prolog. –this will also teach us about logic and the relationship to linguistics

9. Practical: getting started We will be using a range of programs, some quite sophisticated But we also need some very simple basic stuff to get started: –often programs that we download will be quite big: do you have a ZIP program on your computer? If not, download this one: http://www.7-zip.org/ (http://downloads.sourceforge.net/sevenzip/7z457.exe) http://www.7-zip.org/http://downloads.sourceforge.net/sevenzip/7z457.exe –and we should also get used to editing files; the program that we will use is Emacs. Download it here: ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/windows/emacs/emacs-22.3-bin-i386.zip ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/windows/emacs/emacs-22.3-bin-i386.zip If you have any problems downloading any of the programs (because they are big, or you have a bad network connection, etc.), then I will give you copies on CD.

10. Practical: getting started (ii) Now: you will need to unzip the emacs file … The program to use is in the ‘bin’ folder and is called ‘runemacs.exe’ You can click on this twice to start it. You can also make a ‘link’ to this and place it on your desktop so it is easy to find (rightclick, Verknüpfung erstellen, drag and drop Verknüpfung to desktop).

11. Homework: Practise using Emacs until you can edit files in it easily…

12. Our first bit of computational linguistics Lets do some ‘natural language generation’ One more program to download… –the generation system KPML http://www.fb10.uni- bremen.de/anglistik/langpro/kpml/images/k32nalw41w98.zip http://www.fb10.uni- bremen.de/anglistik/langpro/kpml/images/k32nalw41w98.zip –and its ‘configuration file’: http://www.fb10.uni- bremen.de/anglistik/langpro/kpml/images/kpmlconf.novice.txt

13. Practical: getting started (iiI) Now: you will need to unzip the kpml file … and edit the kpmlconf.novice.txt file (using emacs)