1. Principles of Immunology The Inflammatory Process 4/6/06 "Life is not measured by the number of breaths we take, but by those special moments that take our breath away." Anonymous

2. Word/Terms List  Acute phase proteins  Cell adhesion molecules  Chemotaxis  HEVs  ICAMs  Integrins  Mucins  Selectins

3. Inflammatory Process  A localized tissue response  Triggered by trauma and/or antigenic insult  May include systemic effects  Characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain  Principal cells are leukocytes and macrophages

4. Cell Adhesion Molecules (CAMs)  Required for extravasation  Neutrophil extravasation  Lymphocyte extravasation

5. Cell Adhesion Molecules (CAMs)  Selectins Glycoproteins Bind to carbohydrates Expressed on leukocytes and endothelial cells  Mucins Proteins Present CHO ligands to selectins Present on endothelial cells and neutrophils  Integrins Proteins; heterodimers Expressed on leukocytes Bind to Ig superfamily molecules  ICAMs Ig CAMs Expressed on endothelial cells Bind to integrins

7. Margination and Extravasation  Rolling  Activation  Arrest  Transendothelial migration

10. Overview of Inflammation  Cells involved Monocytes/macrophages Neutrophils  Mediators Histamine Cytokines Kinins  Vascular changes Dilation Increased permeability  Complement

12. Effects of Macrophage Cytokines  IL-1, IL-6, TNF alpha Pyrogenic Vascular permeability Expression of CAMs T and B cell activation Ig synthesis

14. Systemic Changes  Fever  Acute phase proteins  Leukocytosis

16. Interferon Effects  T Helper induction  Macrophage activation  MHC expression  NK cytotoxicity  B cell activation

18. Lymphocyte Extravasation  Naïve lymphocytes  Occurs in secondary lymphoid organs  Occurs in high endothelial venules (HEVs)  Lymphocte homing