1. Cosmic abundance (by number)
Element
Abundance
(per 100,000)
Common molecules H
92,700 H2
(He)
7,200 O 50
H20
(Ne) 20 N 15
NH3 C 8
CH4 Si 2
Mg2SiO4 Mg Fe 1
Fe3O4

2. Condensation by temperature
Condensation temperature
Materials
Examples K
Ca Al Ti compounds
Al2O3 CaTiO3
refractory elements
common elements K
Mg, Si compounds
Mg2SiO4 MgSiO3
1350 K
metallic iron alloys Fe
370 K
magnetite
Fe3O4
180 K
water ice
H20
volatile
Elements
130 K
ammonia hydrate
NH3·H20
40-80 K
methane, methane ices
CH4 CH4·7H20

3. Migration

4. Elemental abundance (by number)
Universe
Element
Abundance
(per 100,000) H
92,700
(He)
7,200 O 50
(Ne) 20 N 15 C 8 Si 2 Mg Fe 1
Human body
Element
Abundance
(per 100,000) H
60,563 O
25,670 C
10,680 N
2,440 Ca
230 P
130 S

5. Carbon-silicate cycle and climate stabilisation
Walker et al. 1981

6. Habitable zones

7. Earth spectrum
Selsis

8. Detecting life?
Selsis 2007

9. A search for life on Earth
Sagan et al, 1993, Nature 365, 715

10. Vegetation Red Edge
Sagan et al, 1993, Nature 365, 715

11. Earth transit transmission spectroscopy
Kaltenegger et al 2008

12. Darwin, ESA

13. Aim of Darwin is to select light from earth-like planet in the habitable zone, take a spectrum, and search for biomarkers, ozone in particular.
Darwin, ESA