1. 1 Kakia Chatsiou Department of Language and Linguistics University of Essex achats@essex.ac.uk XLE Tutorial & Demo LG517. Introduction to LFG Introduction Demo Grammar References

2. Outline Introduction What’s XLE? The basic Grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry Demo Grammar Assumptions Coverage Demonstration References Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 2 Introduction Demo Grammar References

3. Outline Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 3 Introduction Demo Grammar References Introduction What’s XLE? The basic Grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry Demo Grammar Assumptions Coverage Demonstration References

4. Introduction What’s XLE? Xerox Linguistics Environment A computational environment developed to facilitate the writing and debugging of Lexical Functional Grammars C-structure, f-structure, s-structure, and further projections can be defined Includes other activities related to grammar development: analysing performance, test suites, generation, treebanks and other. Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 4 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry

5. Introduction The basic grammar file. Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 5 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry

6. Introduction The basic grammar file. Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 6 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry Grammar Version ID

7. Introduction The basic grammar file. Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 7 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry Language ID

8. Introduction The basic grammar file. Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 8 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry Component ID

9. Introduction The basic grammar file. Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 9 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry XLE version Number

10. Introduction The basic grammar file. Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 10 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry 4 dashes signal the end of each section / file

11. Introduction The basic grammar file. Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 11 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry The default category when parsing here it is S(entence)

12. Introduction The basic grammar file. Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 12 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry the list of files to be included, ending in.lfg here no files are included

13. Introduction The basic grammar file. Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 13 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry specification of which lexical entries, rules and templates are given precedence here precedence is given to the grammar with version ID TOY and language ID Ellinika

14. Introduction The basic grammar file. Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 14 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry list of the grammatical relations which must be subcategorised for in order to appear in the argument list of of the PRED

15. Introduction The basic grammar file. Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 15 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry list of attributes whose values must contain a PRED

16. Introduction The basic grammar file. Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 16 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry list of attributes which do not distribute when coordinated

17. Introduction The basic grammar file. Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 17 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry the category which is covert in the c-structure (empty string)

18. Introduction The basic grammar file. Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 18 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry The ranking of optimality constraints

19. Introduction Examining a rule Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 19 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry Category

20. Introduction Examining a rule Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 20 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry Category Schema

21. Introduction Examining a rule Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 21 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry Defining equality

22. Introduction Examining a rule Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 22 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry Defining equality Disjunction

23. Introduction Examining a rule Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 23 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry 

24. Introduction Examining a rule Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 24 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry  

25. Introduction Examining a rule Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 25 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry Shuffle operator

26. Introduction Examining a rule Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 26 Introduction Demo Grammar References What’s XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry Shuffle operator Comment

27. Introduction Examining a lexical entry Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 27 Introduction Demo Grammar References What is XLE? The basic Grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry grammatical category

28. Introduction Examining a lexical entry Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 28 Introduction Demo Grammar References What is XLE? The basic Grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry Morphological marker

29. Template (shortcuts) Introduction Examining a lexical entry Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 29 Introduction Demo Grammar References What is XLE? The basic Grammar file Examining a rule Examining a lexical entry

30. Demo Grammar toy-gre7.lfg Assumptions Coverage Demonstration Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 30 Introduction Demo Grammar References Assumptions Coverage Demonstration

31. Demo Grammar Assumptions All four possible Modern Greek word orders (VSO, SVO, OSV and OVS) are equally acceptable and grammatical Modern Greek Word order is represented non-configurationally (Tzanidaki, 1996; Alexopoulou, 1999 among others) : No morphology. For each word there is a separate lexical entry for each case, gender and number. Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 31 Introduction Demo Grammar References Assumptions Coverage Demonstration

32. Demo Grammar Coverage All 4 word orders (ex.1-4) Pro-drop character of the language (empty string node e as a disjunction in the subject NP c-structure node) (ex.5-6) Subcategorization frames of intransitive, transitive and ditransitive verbs (including the realisation of the OBL object of ditransitive verbs either through an NP in GEN or a PP [se] (ex 7-10), successfully ruling out sentences like (11) successful assignment of the appropriate grammatical functions to constituents according to their case (NOM  SUBJ, ACC  OBJ, GEN  OBL) (ex.12) ruling out ex.13 number, case and gender assignment among the constituents of an NP or a PP (ex.14-17) Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 32 Introduction Demo Grammar References Assumptions Coverage Demonstration

33. Demo Grammar Demonstration Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 33 Introduction Demo Grammar References Assumptions Coverage Demonstration

34. References XLE walkthrough. http://www2.parc.com/istl/groups/nltt/xle/doc/walkthrough.html Tzanidaki, Dimitra Irini. 1996. ”Configurationality and Greek Clause structure”. UCL Working Papers in Linguistics. Alexopoulou, Theodora. 1999. The syntax of Discourse functions in Greek; a non configurational approach. PhD thesis, University of Edinburg. Aikaterini K. Chatsiou 34 Introduction Demo Grammar References