1. The Rise of Kingdoms and the Growth of Church Power
Chapter 10
The Rise of Kingdoms and the
Growth of Church Power

2. The Emergence & Growth of European Kingdoms, 1000 – 1300
Kings
England in the High Middle Ages
William of Normandy (1066 – 1087)
Battle of Hastings (1066)
Fusion of Normans and Anglo-Saxons
Involvement in France

3. Kings of Medieval England
Henry II (1154 – 1189)
Plantagenet Dynasty
Royal Courts
Common Law
The Church
Thomas Becket (Archbishop of Canterbury)
King John (1199 – 1216)
Magna Carta
Edward I (1272 – 1307)
Parliament

4. The Growth of the French Kingdom
Hugh Capet and the Capetian Dynasty
Little Real Power
Île de France
Philip II Augustus (1180 – 1223)
War against the English
French Bureaucracy

5. England and France in the High Middle Ages
©2003 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license.

6. Medieval French Kings Louis IX (1226 – 1270) “Saint Louis”
Justice
Participates in Crusades
Philip IV the Fair (1285 – 1314)
Royal Administration
Council for Advice
Chamber of Accounts (Finances)
Parlement (Royal Court
Estates-General (Parliament)

7. Stained Glass Window of the Sainte Chapelle Built by Louis IX – Paris

8. Christian Reconquest: The Spanish Kingdoms
Cordova
Offensive by Christian Kingdoms begun in eleventh century
Castile
Navarre
Aragón
Portugal
Alfonso X (1252 – 1284)

9. Christian Reconquests in the Western Mediterranean
©2003 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license.

10. The Lands of the Holy Roman Empire: Germany and Italy
Otto I (936 – 973)
Crowned Emperor of the Romans (962)
Henry IV (1056 – 1106)
Frederick I Barbarossa (1152 – 1190)
Attempts to Conquer Northern Italy
Pope and Italian cities oppose him
Battle of Legnano (1176)
Frederick II (1212 – 1250)
King of Sicily, Germany and Holy Roman Emperor
Preoccupied with Italy
Germany left in confusion and chaos
Rudolf of Hapsburg (1273)
Emergence of Italian City-States

11. The Holy Roman Empire in the Twelfth Century
©2003 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license.

12. The New Kingdoms in Eastern Europe
Hungary
Poland
Germans and Slavs
Teutonic Knights

13. Teutonic Knight Castle at Marienburg

14. Grand Masters of the Teutonic Knights - Marienburg

15. Medieval Mongols & Russians
The Mongol Empire
Temuchin – Genghis Khan (c – 1227)
Khubilai Khan
Advances against the Muslim world
Advances against Europe
The Development of Russia
Kiev – Rus
The Church
Mongol Invasion
Alexander Nevsky (c – 1263)
Moscow

16. Northern and Eastern Europe
©2003 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under

17. The Recovery and Reform of the Catholic Church
The Problems of Decline
Worldly bishops and abbots
Monastic decline
The Cluniac Reform Movement
Cluny founded by Duke William of Aquitaine (910)
Reform movement spreads
Reform of the Papacy
Lay investiture
Pope Gregory VII (1073 – 1085)
Investiture Controversy
Concordat of Worms (1122)

18. Abbey of Cluny - Interior

19. Christianity and Medieval Civilization
Growth of the Papal Monarchy
Administrative structure
Pope Innocent III (1198 – 1216)
Philip Augustus of France
Interdict of England

20. New Religious Orders and Spiritual Ideals
The Cistercian Order
Saint Bernard of Clairvaux (1090 – 1153)
Women
Hildegard of Bingen (1098 – 1179)
Mystical Visions
The Franciscans
Saint Francis of Assisi (1182 – 1226)
The Dominicans
Dominic de Guzmán (1170 – 1221)

21. Popular Religion in the High Middle Ages
Sacraments
Saints
The Virgin Mary
Relics

22. Voices of Protest and Intolerance
Heresy
Catharism
Dualist System
Catholic Church was evil according to their views
Albigensian Crusade (began in 1209)
The Holy Office (Papal Inquisition)
Persecution of the Jews
The Crusades
Fourth Lateran Council (1215)
Expulsion
Intolerance and Homosexuality
Associated with other minority groups
Thomas Aquinas and the “sin against nature”
Punishment

23. The Crusades Background to the Crusades Islam and the Seljuk Turks
Change and Disintegration in the Muslim World
Seljuk Turks
Nomadic People from Central Asia
Capture of Baghdad (1055)
Battle of Manzikert (1071)
The Byzantine Empire
Divisions between the Catholic and Orthodox Church
Schism (1054)
Alexius I Comnenus (1081 – 1118)

24. The Early Crusades Pope Urban II (1088 – 1099) Crusading Fervor
Council of Clermont (1095)
Crusading Fervor
“Armed pilgrimages”
First Crusade (1096 – 1099)
Captures Antioch (1098)
Captures Jerusalem (1099)

25. The Early Crusades
©2003 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license.

26. The Early Crusades, Continued
Crusader States
Edessa, Antioch, Tripoli and Jerusalem
Muslims strike back
Fall of Edessa (1144)
Second Crusade
Total Failure
Third Crusade (1189 – 1192)
Reaction to the Fall of Jerusalem
Saladin
Led by Frederick I Barbarossa of Germany, Richard the Lionhearted of England and Philip Augustus of France

27. Interior of Sainte Madeleine – Vézelay Site of Saint Bernard of Clairvaux’s Sermon Preaching the Second Crusade

28. Crusades of the 13th Century and the Effects
The Crusades of the Thirteenth Century
Fourth Crusade (1202 – 1204)
Sack of Constantinople
Latin Empire of Constantinople (1204 – 1261)
Children’s Crusade (1212)
Effects of the Crusades
Little impact on the Muslim World
Impact on European Society
Cultural Interaction
Many young warriors removed from Europe
Italian cities benefited economically
Attacks on Jews

29. The Crusades of the Thirteenth Century
©2003 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license.
©2003 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license.

30. Grand Canal – Venice, Italy

31. Discussion Questions
How was royal power strengthened in France and England beginning in the Eleventh Century?
What forces pulled apart the Holy Roman Empire between the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries?
How was the history of Russia linked to the invasions of the Mongols?
What role did Cluny play in reforming the Church and the papacy?
What was the function of the pope in Medieval Europe?
What fed the climate of intolerance in Europe after the Twelfth Century?
What were the causes of the Crusades?
Were the Crusades a success or a failure?

32. Web Links Kings and Queens of England
Paris at the Time of Philip Augustus
The Royal Abbey of Fontevraud
LIBRO – The Library of Iberian Resources Online
The Mongols in World History
NetSerf – Religious Orders
The Crusades – A Virtual Course
The Medieval Crusades
The Virtual Pilgrim