1. The amazing list of POETIC Elements
The basics of what you need to know when working with poetry

2. What is Poetry??
A heightened literary expression cast in lines, rather than sentences, in which language is used in a concentrated blend of sound, meaning, and imagery to create an emotional response; essentially rhythmic, it is usually metrical and frequently structured in stanzas.

3. Meter
METAPHOR A figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally denoting one object or idea is applied to another, thereby suggesting a likeness or analogy between them, as      The Leaves of Life keep falling one by one.                  --- Edward Fitzgerald, The Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám

4. Meter or Metre
METER or METRE A measure of rhythmic quantity; the organized succession of groups of syllables at basically regular intervals in a line of poetry, according to definite metrical patterns.
The unit of meter is the foot. Metrical lines are named for the constituent foot and for the number of feet in the line: monometer (1), dimeter (2), trimeter (3), tetrameter (4), pentameter (5), hexameter (6), heptameter (7), and octameter (8); thus, a line containing five iambic feet, for example, would be called iambic pentameter

5. What is a FOOT in poetry?
A unit of rhythm or meter; the division in verse of a group of syllables, one of which is long or accented. For example, the line, "The boy | stood on | the burn | ing deck," has four iambic metrical feet.

6. Iambic pentameter = Shakespeare
The most common metrical foot in English, German, and Russian verse, and in many other languages as well; it consists of two syllables, a short or unaccented syllable followed by a long or accented syllable,
“but soft/what light/through yon/der win/dow breaks?”

7. Alliteration
Also called head rhyme or initial rhyme, the repetition of the initial sounds (usually consonants) of stressed syllables in neighboring words or at short intervals within a line or passage, usually at word beginnings, as in "wild and woolly," or the line from Shelley's "The Cloud": I bear light shade for the leaves when laid Sidelight:
Ricki Tivvi Tavvi…… Big Black Bugs on the slippery silvery slope…..
Alliteration has a gratifying effect on the sound, gives a reinforcement to stresses, and can also serve as a subtle connection or emphasis of key words in the line

8. Onomotopia
Strictly speaking, the formation or use of words which imitate sounds, like whispering, clang, and sizzle
Soft is the strain when Zephyr gently blows, And the smooth stream in smoother numbers flows

9. Refrain
A stanza, line, part of a line, or phrase, generally pertinent to the central topic, which is repeated verbatim, usually at regular intervals throughout a poem, most often at the end of a stanza,
Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore -- While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. "'Tis some visitor," I muttered, "tapping at my chamber door --             Only this and nothing more."
Ah, distinctly I remember, it was in the bleak December; And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor. Eagerly I wished the morrow; -- vainly I had sought to borrow From my books surcease of sorrow -- sorrow for the lost Lenore -- For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore --             Nameless here for evermore.
The author's essay, "The Philosophy of Composition," provides fascinating details about the writing of this poem and on the process of versification in general. And the silken, sad, uncertain rustling of each purple curtain Thrilled me -- filled me with fantastic terrors never felt before; So that now, to still the beating of my heart, I stood repeating: "'Tis some visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door -- Some late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door;             This it is and nothing more."
Presently my soul grew stronger; hesitating then no longer, "Sir," said I, "or Madam, truly your forgiveness I implore; But the fact is I was napping, and so gently you came rapping, And so faintly you came tapping, tapping at my chamber door, That I scarce was sure I heard you" -- here I opened wide the door;--             Darkness there and nothing more.

10. Rhyme
In the specific sense, a type of echoing which utilizes a correspondence of sound in the final accented vowels and all that follows of two or more words, but the preceding consonant sounds must differ, as in the words, bear and care. (rhymed verse)
“the rain danced with soft sounds
The stream babbled up through the ground”

11. Blank Verse
Poetry written without rhymes, but which retains a set metrical pattern
The qua | lity | of mer | cy is | not strain'd, It drop | peth as | the gen | tle rain | from heaven Upon | the place | beneath; | it is | twice blest: It bles | seth him | that gives | and him | that takes;

12. Free Verse
A fluid form which conforms to no set rules of traditional versification. The free in free verse refers to the freedom from fixed patterns of meter and rhyme, but writers of free verse employ familiar poetic devices such as assonance, alliteration, imagery,
By the bivouac's fitful flame, A procession winding around me, solemn and sweet and slow--but first I note, The tents of the sleeping army, the fields' and woods' dim outline, The darkness lit by spots of kindled fire, the silence, Like a phantom far or near an occasional figure moving, The shrubs and trees, (as I lift my eyes they seem to be stealthily watching me,) While wind in procession thoughts, O tender and wondrous thoughts, Of life and death, of home and the past and loved, and of those that are far away; A solemn and slow procession there as I sit on the ground, By the bivouac's fitful flame.
A figure of speech in which an explicit comparison is made between two essentially unlike things, usually using like, as or than

13. Simile
A figure of speech in which an explicit comparison is made between two essentially unlike things, usually using like, as or than
A RED, RED ROSE This poem provides an example of a simile. O, my luve's like a red, red rose,     That's newly sprung in June. O, my luve is like the melodie,     That's sweetly played in tune.

14. Personificiation
A type of metaphor in which distinctive human characteristics, e.g., honesty, emotion, volition, etc., are attributed to an animal, object, or idea, as "the haughty lion surveyed his realm" or "my car was happy to be washed" or "'Fate frowned on his endeavors

15. Hyperbole
A bold, deliberate overstatement, e.g., "I'd give my right arm for a piece of pizza." Not intended to be taken literally, it is used as a means of emphasizing the truth of a statement.

16. Concrete Poety
Poetry which forms a structurally original visual shape, preferably abstract, through the use of reduced language, fragmented letters, symbols, and other typographical variations to create an extreme graphic impact on the reader's attention

17. Concrete poetry example Easter Wings
Lord, who createdst man in wealth and store, Though foolishly he lost the same, Decaying more and more, Till he became Most poore: With thee O let me rise As larks, harmoniously, And sing this day thy victories: Then shall the fall further the flight in me.

18. Stanza
A division of a poem made by arranging the lines into units separated by a space, usually of a corresponding number of lines and a recurrent pattern of meter and rhyme

19. Stanza example
Brute beauty and valour and act, oh, air, pride, plume, here Buckle! AND the fire that breaks from thee then, a billion Times told lovelier, more dangerous, O my chevalier!
    No wonder of it: shéer plód makes plough down sillion Shine, and blue-bleak embers, ah my dear, Fall, gall themselves, and gash gold-vermillion.

20. Couplet
Two successive lines of poetry, usually of equal length and rhythmic correspondence, with end-words that rhyme.
The bough of cherries some officious fool Broke in the orchard for her, the white mule She rode with round the terrace--all and each Would draw from her alike the approving speech, Or blush, at least. She thanked men,--good! but thanked Somehow I know not how as if she ranked