1. Environmental Microbiology Introduction: Overview and History

2. Organisms Included Virus Bacteria Fungi Algae Protozoa

3. Importance of Microbiology Basic Science Applied Science and Engineering –Public Health –Nutrient Cycling –Waste Treatment –Biodegradation –Industrial Microbiology/Fermentation –Biotechnology

4. Perspective Time

5. Relative Time

6. Size

7. Leeuwenhoek

8. Leeuwenhoek’s Microscopes

9. Pasteur

10. Swan-Neck Flask Experiments Spontaneous generation vs. biogenesis Broth in flasks remained sterile -- bacteria could not travel up the curved neck

11. Winogradsky Nitrification Sulfur oxidation Concept of lithotrophy

12. The Delft School Metabolism as a unifying concept in microbiology Major figures –Kluyver –Van Neil –Zobell –Rittenberg