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High-Resolution X-ray Spectroscopy of AGN Warm Absorbers Rebecca Smith MSSL, UCL with G. Branduardi-Raymont and M. Page
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Aims Studying a variety of AGN warm absorbers Comparison offers clues to dynamics, chemical composition, physical structure and origin High-resolution soft X-ray spectra vital diagnostic tool Three objects presented today, focussing on data from XMM-Newton RGS
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Objects Markarian 509 Seyfert 1 z=0.034 Very high luminosity Seyfert 1 L 2-10keV = 1.3-2.6x10 44 erg s -1 Galactic N H =4.4x10 20 cm -2 Bright X-ray NLS1 L 2-10keV = 2.4x10 43 erg s -1 Galactic N H =6.4x10 20 cm -2 Spectral variation between observations L 2-10keV = 8x10 42 -3x10 43 erg s -1 Galactic N H =5.8x10 20 cm -2 Arakelian 564 NLS1 z=0.025 1H 0707-495 NLS1 z=0.041
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Flux (photons m -2 s -1 Å -1 ) Markarian 509 Phase 1: log = 0.89 ± 0.07 outflow vel = 510 ± 200km s -1 N H = 0.79x10 21 cm -2 Phase 2: log =2.14 ± 0.08 outflow vel = 260 ± 120km s -1 N H = 0.75x10 21 cm -2 Phase 3: log = 3.26 ± 0.03 outflow vel = 60 ± 100km s -1 N H = 5.50x10 21 cm -2 Wavelength ( Å ) XMM-Newton RGS Smith et al. 2007
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T Thermal Stability Graph Pressure form ionization parameter: Phases with the same value of can be in pressure equilibrium and so exist within the same cloud Smith et al. 2007
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Flux (photons m -2 s -1 Å -1 ) Arakelian 564 Phase 1: log = 0.29 ± 0.20 outflow vel = 10 ± 90km s -1 Col Dens = 0.31x10 21 cm -2 Phase 2: log = 2.56 ± 0.09 outflow vel = 20 ± 100km s -1 Col Dens = 0.71x10 21 cm -2 Narrow emission lines from OVIII and NVII with outflow velocity ~ 500km s -1 Wavelength ( Å ) Smith et al. in prep XMM-Newton RGS
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1H 0707-495 Energy (keV) Normalized counts /s / keV Spectral changes between 2000 observation (black) and 2002 observation (red) Shift in energy of large feature at ~7keV Gallo et al. 2004 XMM-Newton EPIC PN 2000 2002
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2000 20022 Wavelength (Å) Counts m -2 s -1 Å -1 XMM-Newton RGS1H 0707-495
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Gallo et al. 2004 Two features, with ~8% energy shift Change in ionization or velocity? XMM-Newton RGS 1H 0707-495 XMM-Newton EPIC PN Wavelength ( Å ) Energy (keV) Counts m -2 s -1 Å -1 normalized counts s -1 keV -1 2002 2000 Smith et al. in prep 2002 2000
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10 15 20 25 30 35 Counts m -2 s -1 Å -1 XMM-Newton RGS 1H 0707-495 2000 2002 Wavelength (Å)
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XMM-Newton RGS Arakelian 564 Markarian 509 Counts m -2 s -1 Å -1 1H 0707-495 2000 1H 0707-495 2002 10 15 20 25 30 35 Wavelength ( Å )
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Conclusions Have analysed three Seyfert 1s with high-resolution soft X- ray spectra Interesting diversity of characteristics in outflows and emission features Connected UV and X-ray absorbers in Mrk 509 and Ark 564 Mrk 509 shows strong broad emission lines consistent with the optical broad line region Ark 564 has a highly ionized absorber with a surprisingly low outflow velocity 1H 0707-495 shows dramatic soft X-ray spectral variability in strength of warm absorber and energy of 'shoulder'
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