2. OPTICAL FIBER WAVEGUIDE

3. Optical Fiber Waveguides An Optical Fiber is a dielectric waveguide that operates at optical frequencies Normally cylindrical form It confines electromagnetic energy in the form of light to within in its surfaces and guides the light in direction parallel to its axis

4. core Cladding Buffer coatting

5. Optical Fiber Waveguides Refraction Exit ray Incident ray Partial internal reflection Low index High index

6. Optical Fiber Waveguides Critical angel  Sin  = n 2 /n 1 Critical angel :

7. Optical Fiber Waveguides Total Internal Reflection  Total internal reflection

8. Optical Fiber Waveguides Acceptance Angle