1. Second Vatican Council 1962-1965

3. Why was the council convened? Called by John XXIII, to “open windows and let in air” Called by John XXIII, to “open windows and let in air” Choice to consult bishops seen as collegial; pope is “first among equals”, but church as a communal group acts together Choice to consult bishops seen as collegial; pope is “first among equals”, but church as a communal group acts together Involves both return to sources (ressourcement) and openness to new situations (aggiornamento) Involves both return to sources (ressourcement) and openness to new situations (aggiornamento) Purpose: articulate church’s relation to modern world Purpose: articulate church’s relation to modern world Sees moment as opportunity, not threat Sees moment as opportunity, not threat Reads “signs of times” to understand this mission Reads “signs of times” to understand this mission Lots of compromises happened; documents reflect this ambiguity and tension at times Lots of compromises happened; documents reflect this ambiguity and tension at times

4. What was new about the council? First truly world Catholic council First truly world Catholic council Also invited orthodox and protestant observers Also invited orthodox and protestant observers Women not included at first, eventually invited to observe Women not included at first, eventually invited to observe Media event; catholics at home could read in papers and see on TV what was going on Media event; catholics at home could read in papers and see on TV what was going on Biggest changes Biggest changes Liturgy Liturgy declaration on human rights declaration on human rights openness to ecumenism and other religions openness to ecumenism and other religions emphasis on role of the laity emphasis on role of the laity

6. How was it conducted? 4 sessions (fall) 4 sessions (fall) Bishops study preliminary documents, then debate Bishops study preliminary documents, then debate Bishops argue for greater role than Curia (Vatican offices) Bishops argue for greater role than Curia (Vatican offices) Documents written by committee Documents written by committee So, often reflect compromises or different points of view So, often reflect compromises or different points of view Today: Catholics argue over “spirit of Vatican II” vs. conservative interpretation Today: Catholics argue over “spirit of Vatican II” vs. conservative interpretation

7. Pre-Vatican II view of Church (Ott) Chapter 1: The Divine Origin of the Church Chapter 1: The Divine Origin of the Church The concept Church The concept Church The Foundation of the Church by Christ The Foundation of the Church by Christ The Purpose of the Church The Purpose of the Church Chapter 2: The Constitution of the Church Chapter 2: The Constitution of the Church The Hierarchical Constitution of the Church The Hierarchical Constitution of the Church The Primacy of St. Peter The Primacy of St. Peter The Primacy of Jurisdiction of the Pope The Primacy of Jurisdiction of the Pope The Nature of the Papal Primacy The Nature of the Papal Primacy The Papal Teaching Primacy or the Papal Infallibility The Papal Teaching Primacy or the Papal Infallibility The Bishops The Bishops Chapter 3: The Internal Constitution of the Church Chapter 3: The Internal Constitution of the Church Christ and the Church Christ and the Church The Holy Ghost and the Church The Holy Ghost and the Church Chapter 4: The Properties or Essential Attributes of the Church Chapter 4: The Properties or Essential Attributes of the Church The Indefectibility of the Church The Indefectibility of the Church The Infallibility of the Church The Infallibility of the Church The Visibility of the Church The Visibility of the Church The Unity of the Church The Unity of the Church The Sanctity of the Church The Sanctity of the Church The Catholicity of the Church The Catholicity of the Church The Apostolicity of the Church The Apostolicity of the Church Chapter 5: The Necessity of the Church Chapter 5: The Necessity of the Church Membership of the Church Membership of the Church The Necessity for Membership of the Church The Necessity for Membership of the Church