1. Falls Their Etiology and Prevention

2. Falls Falls are the second leading cause of accidental death, but the leading cause of accidental death in the home environment. Human factors: age, risky behavior, influence of alcohol and other substances –Problem of death for the elderly –Problem of injury for the youth –Problem of death and injury for the very young

3. Falls Falling for an older person has more serious consequences. Falling for a younger person occurs more often. What physical conditions associated with older people increase the likelihood of a fall?

4. Falls Older people: Brittle bones/osteoporosis Sensory difficulties Balance Medications

5. Falls Youngsters: Balance Curious Learn by doing Unaware of risks

6. Falls 60% of falls occur at home or the home environment. Most falls are on one level, rather than from one level to another.

7. Falls Environmental factors: Furniture placement and traffic pattern Cords and other things that trip Stairway construction Wet or slick floors Type of footwear or lack of footwear

8. Falls Lighting Clutter Pets Small Children Faulty ladders or ladder placement

9. Falls Fall prevention: Keep floors dry. Keep carpets in good repair. Make sure placement rugs are secured Tubs and showers – grab bars; slip- resistant appliques Place ladders correctly – use 1:4 rule

10. Falls Stairs – carpet should be tight fitting; slip-resistant treads; handrails; appropriate lighting Furniture – Keep in good condition; arrange properly Be a good housekeeper – avoid clutter Supervise children and pets Watch electrical cord placement

11. Falls Avoid the abuse of drugs and alcohol. Fall correctly Backup systems –Telecare –“I’ve fallen and I can’t get up!”