1. INITIAL COMPARISONS OF TES TROPOSPHERIC OZONE WITH GEOS-CHEM Lin Zhang, Daniel J. Jacob, Solene Turquety, Shiliang Wu, Qinbin Li (JPL)

2. A typical tropical TES averaging kernel and vertical profiles

3. TES OZONE ON Sept. 20. 2004 800 hPa500 hPa TES GEOS- CHEM with avkers

4. TES vs. GEOS-CHEM correlations for 9/20/04 at different pressures 200 hPa 500 hPa800 hPa

5. GLOBAL BUDGET OF METHANOL: CONSTRAINTS FROM ATMOSPHERIC OBSERVATIONS Daniel J. Jacob 1, Brendan D. Field 1, Qinbin Li 1,2, Donald R. Blake 3, Joost de Gouw 4, Carsten Warneke 4, Armin Hansel 5, Armin Wisthaler 5, Hanwant B. Singh 6, and A. Guenther 7 J. Geophys. Res. (in press) Measurements used for model evaluation

6. GLOBAL GEOS-CHEM BUDGET OF METHANOL (Tg yr -1 ) GLOBAL GEOS-CHEM BUDGET OF METHANOL (Tg yr -1 ) with (in parentheses) previous values from Singh et al. [2000], Heikes et al. [2002], Galbally and Kirstine [2003], Tie et al. [2003], von Kuhlmann et al. [2003ab] Plant growth: 128 (75-312) Ocean uptake: 11 (0-50) Plant decay: 23 (13-20) Biomass burning: 9 (6-15) Biofuels: 3 Urban: 4 (3-8) CH 3 OH lifetime 10 days (5-12) VOCCH 3 O 2 CH 3 O 2 (85%) RO 2 (15%) Atmospheric production: 37(18-31) OH 129 OH(aq) - clouds <1 (5-10) Dry dep. (land) : 55 Wet dep.: 12 NPP based, x3 for young leaves

7. SIMULATED METHANOL CONCENTRATIONS IN SURFACE AIR Representative observations In ppbv [Heikes et al., 2002]: Urban: 20 (<1-47) Forests: 10 (1-37) Grasslands: 6 (4-9) cont. background: 2 (1-4) NH oceans: 0.9 (0.3-1.4) Tropics: obs model Rondonia 1-6 10 Costa Rica 2.2 2.1

8. SEASONAL VARIATION AT INNSBRUCK, AUSTRIA obs model plant growth plant decay

9. METHANOL-CO RELATIONSHIP OVER N. INDIAN OCEAN INDOEX cruise [Wisthaler et al., 2002] Positive correlation reflects outflow from India, where CO is mainly from combustion and methanol mostly from terrestrial biosphere Small dots: obs Large circles: model

10. METHANOL OVER NORTH PACIFIC (TRACE-P) observed model

11. CORRELATIONS WITH CO AND HCN IN TRACE-P DATA

12. METHANOL VERTICAL PROFILES OVER S. PACIFIC Could the atmospheric source from CH 3 O 2 + CH 3 O 2 be underestimated? Could there be a biogenic VOC “soup” driving organic and HO x chemistry in the remote troposphere? In model over S. Pacific, CH 4 OH CH 3 O 2 HO 2 CH 3 OOH NO HCHO CH 3 O 2 0.6 CH 3 OH +… ~ 70% ~ 20% 5-10% Photochemical model calculations for same data set [Olson et al., 2001] are 50% too high for CH 3 OOH, factor of 2 too low for HCHO 0 0.6 1.2 1.8 2.4 3 Methanol, ppbv model atmospheric source obs. From H.B. Singh

13. CONCLUSIONS AND ATMOSPHERIC IMPLICATIONS Plant growth is principal source of methanol: 130 ± 30 Tg yr -1 Atmospheric source needs to be doubled from a priori to 75 ± 25 Tg yr -1 Best estimate of global source is 240 ± 75 Tg yr -1 Lifetime is 7 ± 3 days; oxidation by OH is 60% of sink (rest is deposition) Resulting source of CH 3 O is 12% that from oxidation of methane Resulting source of CO is 4-6% of global CO source of 1800-2700 Tg yr -1 [Duncan et al., 2004] Causes a 2% decrease in global OH (previously found by Tie et al. [2003]) Current standard GEOS-CHEM model uses compilation of mean methanol observations in different regions from Heikes et al. [2002]– not bad.