1. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1 Technology In Action

2. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 2 Technology In Action Chapter 3 Using the Internet: Making the Most of the Web’s Resources

3. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 3 Topics Internet basicsInternet basics Internet dataInternet data Internet service providersInternet service providers Web browsersWeb browsers URLsURLs HyperlinksHyperlinks

4. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 4 More Topics Search engines and subject directoriesSearch engines and subject directories Internet communicationsInternet communications E-commerceE-commerce Internet multimediaInternet multimedia The Internet’s futureThe Internet’s future

5. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 5 The Internet: The Basics Origin of the InternetOrigin of the Internet The Web vs. the InternetThe Web vs. the Internet Clients and serversClients and servers Connecting to the InternetConnecting to the Internet

6. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 6 The Origin of the Internet ARPANET:ARPANET: –Advanced Research Projects Agency Network –Funded by the US Government in the 1960s –Allowed computers at leading universities and research organizations to communicate with each other over great distances

7. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 7 The Internet vs. The Web Internet – part of the system that is primarily hardware infrastructure (telecommunications, routers, servers, disk drives, etcetera)Internet – part of the system that is primarily hardware infrastructure (telecommunications, routers, servers, disk drives, etcetera) Web - part of the system that contains intellectual property in many multimedia formats (test files, graphic files, sound files, video files, etcetera): the means to access the Internet.Web - part of the system that contains intellectual property in many multimedia formats (test files, graphic files, sound files, video files, etcetera): the means to access the Internet. INTERNET WWW

8. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 8 Client and Server Client computer:Client computer: –Users connect to the Internet –Request data and Web pages Server computersServer computers –Store Web pages and data –Return the requested data to the client Server Client

9. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 9 Connecting to the Internet Dial-up connections:Dial-up connections: –Uses standard telephone line –Least costly connection –Requires a modem Modulate: converts digital signals the computer can understand to analog signals that can travel over the phone line.Modulate: converts digital signals the computer can understand to analog signals that can travel over the phone line. DemodulateDemodulate –Slowest connection speed (56kbps)

10. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 10 Broadband Connections Digital Subscriber LinesDigital Subscriber Lines –Faster than dial-up Upstream (16Kbps -640kbps)Upstream (16Kbps -640kbps) Downstream (1.5 Mbps – 9 Mbps)Downstream (1.5 Mbps – 9 Mbps) ADSL: asymmetrical DSLADSL: asymmetrical DSL SDSL: same upload and download speed.SDSL: same upload and download speed. –Requires special DSL modem DSL modem

11. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 11 Broadband Connections Cable:Cable: –Uses TV coaxial cable –Fast connection speed (300kbps – 4mbps) –Speed depends on number of users –Not available in all areas –Requires a cable modem Coaxial cable

12. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 12 Satellite Connections Uses a satellite dish and coaxial cableUses a satellite dish and coaxial cable –Download speed 500kbps –Upload speed 100kbps –Signal is affected by location and weather

13. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 13 Comparing Internet Connection Options Connectio n Option Maximum Upload Data Transfer Rate (approximate) Maximum Download Data Transfer Rate (approximate) Dial-Up56kbps DSL (ADSL) 300 kbps1 Mbps DSL (SDSL) 1.5mbps Cable500 kbps6 mbps Satellite100kbps400kbps

14. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 14 Internet Service Providers ISP:ISP: –Internet service provider –Provide user access to the Internet –National, regional or local companies OSP:OSP: –Online service provider –Provide online proprietary content as well as Internet access –AOL, CompuServe, MSN

15. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 15 Choosing an ISP Factors to consider:Factors to consider: –Customer service –Local access numbers –E-mail options –Cost –Trial period

16. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 16 Navigating the Web: Web Browsers Computer softwareComputer software GraphicalGraphical Enables Web navigationEnables Web navigation Popular browsers:Popular browsers: –Internet Explorer –Netscape Navigator –Mozilla (firefox)

17. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 17 Browser Toolbars

18. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 18 Getting Around the Web Web sitesWeb sites URLsURLs HyperlinksHyperlinks Favorites and BookmarksFavorites and Bookmarks

19. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 19 Web Sites Web site:Web site: –Collection of related Web pages –First page known as Home or Index page Web page:Web page: –HTML document Text and graphicsText and graphics –Unique address –Hyperlinks Home page Related pages

20. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 20 URL URL:URL: –Uniform Resource Locator –Unique Web page address URL http:// Protocol identifies the means of access www.nytimes.com/ Domain name contains the host and top- level domain Pages/cartoons/ Path identifies the subdirectories within the Web site

21. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 21 Current Top-Level Domains.aero Members of the air transport industry.biz Businesses.com Can be used by anyone.coop Cooperative associations.edu Degree granting institutions.govUnited States government.info Information service providers.mil United States military.museum Museums.name Individuals.net Networking organizations.org Organizations (often nonprofits).pro Credentialed professionals

22. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 22 Hyperlinks Provide access to other Web pagesProvide access to other Web pages Specially coded text or graphicsSpecially coded text or graphics Cursor becomes a hand with finger pointing upwardCursor becomes a hand with finger pointing upward

23. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 23 Favorites and Bookmarks List created of favorite Web pagesList created of favorite Web pages Easy method of returning to Web pagesEasy method of returning to Web pages Internet Explorer uses FavoritesInternet Explorer uses Favorites Netscape uses BookmarksNetscape uses Bookmarks

24. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 24 Tabbed Browsing Found on Firefox and Safari browsers.Found on Firefox and Safari browsers. –Not available on Internet Explorer Multiple pages in same browser windowMultiple pages in same browser window

25. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 25 Search Engines User keys word or phrase in search boxUser keys word or phrase in search box “Spider” or “Web Crawler” program scans web pages“Spider” or “Web Crawler” program scans web pages Results are indexed and sent to the clientResults are indexed and sent to the client

26. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 26 Subject Directories Web pages organized by topics and subtopicsWeb pages organized by topics and subtopics

27. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 27 Evaluating Web Sites Who is the author of the article or Web site sponsor?Who is the author of the article or Web site sponsor? What audience is the site geared toward?What audience is the site geared toward? Is the site biased?Is the site biased? Is the information current?Is the information current? Are links available?Are links available?

28. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 28 Communicating Through the Internet E-mailE-mail WeblogsWeblogs Chat roomsChat rooms Instant messagingInstant messaging NewsgroupsNewsgroups

29. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 29 E-mail Electronic mailElectronic mail Primary means of communicationPrimary means of communication E-mail accountsE-mail accounts –Client-based –Web-based SpamSpam –Prevention

30. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 30 Weblogs Known as blogsKnown as blogs Personal logs or journal entries posted on the WebPersonal logs or journal entries posted on the Web Available to the publicAvailable to the public

31. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 31 Chat Rooms Real time text based conversationsReal time text based conversations Rooms focus on specific topics or interestsRooms focus on specific topics or interests Identity protectionIdentity protection –Username

32. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 32 Instant Messaging Real time text based conversationsReal time text based conversations Set up a list of contactsSet up a list of contacts –Buddy list Contacts must be onlineContacts must be online IM software detects presenceIM software detects presence Example: AOL Instant MessengerExample: AOL Instant Messenger

33. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 33 Newsgroups Online discussion forumsOnline discussion forums Post and reply to messagesPost and reply to messages

34. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 34 Online Annoyances Spam – electronic junk mailSpam – electronic junk mail Pop-ups – intrusive advertisingPop-ups – intrusive advertising Cookies – tracking user’s browsing habitsCookies – tracking user’s browsing habits Spyware – Programs that collect data from a user’s computerSpyware – Programs that collect data from a user’s computer Phishing and Hoaxes – Ruses to fool and maybe steal from users.Phishing and Hoaxes – Ruses to fool and maybe steal from users.

35. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 35 Spam Junk E-MailJunk E-Mail Spam filtersSpam filters Anti-spam practicesAnti-spam practices

36. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 36 Pop-ups Usually advertisingUsually advertising Pop-up automaticallyPop-up automatically Pop-up blockersPop-up blockers

37. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 37 Cookies Text files stored on client computers when visiting Web sitesText files stored on client computers when visiting Web sites Used on return visits to Web sitesUsed on return visits to Web sites Unique ID numberUnique ID number Personal information rememberedPersonal information remembered Privacy riskPrivacy risk –Selling information

38. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 38 Spyware Added as a program piggybacked with a requested programAdded as a program piggybacked with a requested program Gathers information, usually about surfing habitsGathers information, usually about surfing habits Anti-virus software doesn’t detect itAnti-virus software doesn’t detect it Anti-spyware programs are requiredAnti-spyware programs are required

39. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 39 Phishing and Hoaxes Phishing is a phony communicationPhishing is a phony communication Attempts to scam someone into sending vital informationAttempts to scam someone into sending vital information Hoaxes are attempts to scam people into sending money, or join a chain letter.Hoaxes are attempts to scam people into sending money, or join a chain letter.

40. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 40 Conducting Business Over the Internet E-Commerce:E-Commerce: –Electronic commerce –Business-to-consumer (B2C) –Business-to-business (B2B) –Consumer-to-consumer (C2C) –Secure transactions Manufacturer Suppliers Retailer B2B E-commerce

41. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 41 Web Entertainment Multimedia:Multimedia: –Involves forms of media and text GraphicsGraphics AudioAudio VideoVideo –Streaming audio and video: deliver on-demand pictures and sounds without downloading the whole file. –Plug-in: built-in program and automatically loads

42. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 42 Future of the Internet Large Scale Networking (LSN):Large Scale Networking (LSN): –Research and development of cutting-edge networking and wireless technologies Internet2:Internet2: –Project sponsored by universities, government, and industry to develop new Internet technologies –Internet2 backbone supports transmission speeds of 10 Gbps

43. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 43 Chapter 3 Summary Question 1 What is the origin of the Internet?What is the origin of the Internet?

44. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 44 How does data travel on the Internet?How does data travel on the Internet? Chapter 3 Summary Question 2

45. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 45 What are my options for connecting to the Internet?What are my options for connecting to the Internet? Chapter 3 Summary Question 3

46. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 46 How do I choose an Internet service provider?How do I choose an Internet service provider? Chapter 3 Summary Question 4

47. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 47 What is a Web browser?What is a Web browser? Chapter 3 Summary Question 5

48. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 48 What is a URL and what are its parts?What is a URL and what are its parts? Chapter 3 Summary Question 6

49. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 49 How can I use hyperlinks and other tools to get around the Web?How can I use hyperlinks and other tools to get around the Web? Chapter 3 Summary Question 7

50. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 50 How do I search the Internet using search engines and subject directories?How do I search the Internet using search engines and subject directories? Chapter 3 Summary Question 8

51. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 51 How can I communicate through the Internet?How can I communicate through the Internet? Chapter 3 Summary Question 9

52. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 52 What is e-commerce?What is e-commerce? Chapter 3 Summary Question 10

53. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 53 What are cookies?What are cookies? Chapter 3 Summary Question 11

54. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 54 What are the various kinds of Multimedia?What are the various kinds of Multimedia? Chapter 3 Summary Question 12

55. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 55 What does the Internet of the future look like?What does the Internet of the future look like? Chapter 3 Summary Question 13