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1 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see January 30 2010 Our Place in Space Dr Rhys Morris, Astrophysics.

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Presentation on theme: "1 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see January 30 2010 Our Place in Space Dr Rhys Morris, Astrophysics."— Presentation transcript:

1 1 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space Dr Rhys Morris, Astrophysics Group, Physics Dept University of Bristol

2 2 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space Our place in the Solar System: A quick history. Aristarchus of Samos The first person to get it right!

3 3 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space Copernicus Galileo Kepler Putting the Sun at the Centre of the Solar System

4 4 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space In the early 20 th centrury, along came Jacobus Cornelius Kapteyn. Our place in the Universe

5 5 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space NASA's Astronomical Data System (ADS)

6 6 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space The first Determination of the Shape of our Galaxy

7 7 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space

8 8 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space The size is wrong, and there are no spiral arms, but otherwise largely correct.

9 9 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space So we now know the shape of the galaxy. But hints were emerging that the “spiral nebulae” could be other “island universes”.

10 10 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space Edwin HubbleVesto slipher

11 11 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space

12 12 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space Having ascertained that there were stellar systems Outside our own, the next step was to measure the distance to them using Cepheid variables. It turned out the Universe was much bigger than we thought!

13 13 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space And so it went on, until 1998 when there came another twist in the tale.

14 14 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space

15 15 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space My own research: Galactic Recycling Processes using Large Scale Galactic Surveys. Following on from the work of Kapteyn and using a survey Of the galactic plane (aka the milky way) in broadband and narrow band filters.

16 16 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space The Milky Way Our home galaxy. Occasionally seen from the UK.

17 17 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space A Grand Design Spiral Galaxy

18 18 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space A “You are Here” diagram.

19 19 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space Area of the survey.

20 20 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space The Isaac Newton Telescope (La Palma)

21 21 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space A typical data frame from IPHAS 36 megapixels of data. Each exposure is 67megabytes....

22 22 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space Astronomical Broadband Filters

23 23 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space Narrow Band Filters H-alpha (aka Balmer alpha) narrow band filter.

24 24 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space INT Photometric H-Alpha Survey (IPHAS) Facts  Area covered: -5 < b < +5 in the Northern Sky = 1800 deg 2  Each pixel is 0.33” by 0.33”  4 CCDs, each of 2048 x 4096 pixels  15 270 pointings, each in R, I and H-Alpha filters  Survey is about 80% done, so several Tb of data exists.  Also need calibration frames...  A parameterarised catalogue of objects is created for each frame.  Expect final catalogue to contain 80 000 000 objects, or 0.1%of the objects in the Milky Way.

25 25 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space My Main Research: Planetary Nebulae The most common question! Are Planetary Nebulae anything to do with planets? No, the first ones to be discovered reminded Sir William Herschel of Saturn.

26 26 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space The Hertzsprung- Russell (H-R) Diagram.

27 27 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space Another H-R diagram showing where Planetary Nebulae lie.

28 28 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space Confirming objects are what we think they are! Raw spectrum from the South African Astrophysical Observatory (SAAO) 1.9m telescope. Next slide shows a processed version.

29 29 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space Example Follow-up Spectroscopy of a Planetary Nebula H-alpha

30 30 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space Data Organisation The many Tb of data are kept in FITS format in a postgres database, queryable using a web page.

31 31 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space Data Mining Use colour-colour diagram. Also search for “H-Alpha excess” objects. 3D plots useful.

32 32 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space Some New Discoveries Discovered by a Bristol project student!

33 33 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space PN Gallery Cat’s eye nebula as seen by the HST. Dumbbell nebula as seen by the VLT.

34 34 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space PN Gallery Egg nebula as seen by the HST. Hourglass nebula as seen by the HST.

35 35 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space PN Gallery Little ghost nebula as seen by the HST. NGC6751 nebula as seen by the HST.

36 36 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space PN Gallery Spirograph nebula as seen by the HST. Stingray nebula as seen by the HST.

37 37 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space How Many PN are there? Estimates vary, but the theoretical estimates are much higher than known number, so where are they hiding?

38 38 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space How effective are PN at recycling material from stars into The Interstellar Medium (ISM)? This can only be answered by detailed observations and modeling of the the physical processes involved

39 39 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space Some more IPHAS pictures Combine lots of individual data frames into one large mosaic eg IC1396 a star formation region.

40 40 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space More Mosaics Planetary nebula ngc6781 Planetary nebula ngc6804

41 41 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space More Mosaics Supernova remnant sh2-242 Supernova remnant sh-271

42 42 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space

43 43 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space Sheer volume of data Effects of interstellar extinction (being calibrated now). Calibration of the whole survey to standard calibrators To understand how matter is processed through stars, to the Interstellar medium and into more stars and planets. Problems

44 44 Rhys Morris, Bristol Astrophysics Group For more information see http://www.star.bris.ac.uk January 30 2010 Our Place in Space Thank you for listening. Any questions? The End

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