1. A Study on Urban Land Conversion and Mechanism in Urumqi Zhang Xin-huan, Yang De-gang, Chen Xi Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Science 1/18

2. In some degree, urban land conversion can reflect whether the urban develops in a reasonable way. In some degree, urban land conversion can reflect whether the urban develops in a reasonable way. With the expansion of Urumqi built-up area, the conversion from non-building land to urban land and the conversion between existing urban land are remarkably. With the expansion of Urumqi built-up area, the conversion from non-building land to urban land and the conversion between existing urban land are remarkably. Why do we study on this issue? As an oasis metropolis in arid region, Urumqi city (located at Xinjiang, China) is developing rapidly in a fragile oasis ecosystem. As an oasis metropolis in arid region, Urumqi city (located at Xinjiang, China) is developing rapidly in a fragile oasis ecosystem. Urumqi 19842002 2/18

3. What’s the content of the paper The process of urban land conversion in Urumqi The process of urban land conversion in Urumqi The characteristic of urban land conversion in Urumqi The characteristic of urban land conversion in Urumqi The mechanism of urban land conversion in Urumqi The mechanism of urban land conversion in Urumqi 3/18

4. The process of urban land conversion The process of urban land conversion 4/18

5. Residential land, Industrial land, Green land and Public Facilities land transferred from non- building land account for 74.27 ％ of increased urban land. Residential land, Industrial land, Green land and Public Facilities land transferred from non- building land account for 74.27 ％ of increased urban land. Urban land expanded dominantly in the northern part of Urumqi city. Urban land expanded dominantly in the northern part of Urumqi city. Fig. the urban land expansion in diifferent direction from 1984 to 2002 Non-building land to urban land 5/18 conversion between existing urban land

6. The main land conversion The main land conversion Public Facilities land conversion Public Facilities land conversion 59.81 ％ (891.91ha) of the increased Public Facilities Land is transferred from Non-building Land and 28.5 ％ (424.95ha) from Residential Land; 59.81 ％ (891.91ha) of the increased Public Facilities Land is transferred from Non-building Land and 28.5 ％ (424.95ha) from Residential Land; 67.08% (156ha) of the decreased Public Facilities Land converts to Residential Land and 10.66% (25ha) to Municipal Facilities Land. 67.08% (156ha) of the decreased Public Facilities Land converts to Residential Land and 10.66% (25ha) to Municipal Facilities Land. Public facilities land intoout 1984---2002 6/18

7. 50.60 ％ (3490.98ha) of the increased Residential Land is transferred from Non-building Land and 5.49 ％ (378.95ha) from Industrial Land; 50.60 ％ (3490.98ha) of the increased Residential Land is transferred from Non-building Land and 5.49 ％ (378.95ha) from Industrial Land; 1092.12ha Residential Land converts to other types of land, 38.91% to Public Facilities Land, 22.68% to Industrial Land, 11.63% to Municipal Facilities Land and 22.68% to Road. 1092.12ha Residential Land converts to other types of land, 38.91% to Public Facilities Land, 22.68% to Industrial Land, 11.63% to Municipal Facilities Land and 22.68% to Road. intoout Residential land Residential Land conversion Residential Land conversion 1984---2002 7/18

8. 82.83 ％ (1637ha ) of the increased Industrial Land is transferred from non-building land and 12.53 ％ (247.70ha ) from Residential Land; 82.83 ％ (1637ha ) of the increased Industrial Land is transferred from non-building land and 12.53 ％ (247.70ha ) from Residential Land; 528.12ha Industrial Land converts to other urban land, 378.95ha to Residential Land, 52.17ha to Public Facilities Land and 48.49ha to Municipal Facilities Land 528.12ha Industrial Land converts to other urban land, 378.95ha to Residential Land, 52.17ha to Public Facilities Land and 48.49ha to Municipal Facilities Land Industrial Land conversion Industrial Land conversion intoout Industrial land 1984---2002 8/18

9. The characteristic of urban land conversion The characteristic of urban land conversion 9/18

10. The area and extent of non-building land converting to urban land are not equal in different directions. Urban land expanded mostly in the northern part of city. The area and extent of non-building land converting to urban land are not equal in different directions. Urban land expanded mostly in the northern part of city. The urban land expansion is more dominant than the conversion of existing urban land. But the conversion process of existing urban land is becoming more and more significant. The urban land expansion is more dominant than the conversion of existing urban land. But the conversion process of existing urban land is becoming more and more significant. The expansion and conversion of main types of land has resulted in spatial distribution characteristic respectively. The expansion and conversion of main types of land has resulted in spatial distribution characteristic respectively. 10/18

11. The mechanism of urban land conversion The mechanism of urban land conversion 11/18

12. Land use structure in prophase Land price Land interaction Urban planning Government policy Land use structure in later phase Reasonable development Continue Converting Market mechanism Government mechanism 12/18

13. Differential Land Rent Differential Land Rent To public facilities land To residential land To industrial land Class of land rent Rate of conversion into (%) 120.534.190.00 214.325.751.46 314.9816.312.45 413.3732.883.60 56.2822.616.64 60.561.300.49 Public Facilities Land Residential Land Industrial Land Land Rent Class 1984 Public Facilities Land Residential Land Industrial Land Land Rent Class 2002 13/18

14. The different types of land which can ’ t coexist are exclusive from each other. The different types of land which can ’ t coexist are exclusive from each other. Land Interaction Land Interaction The same type of land are centralizing The same type of land are centralizing same to centralization coexist to centralization same to centralization non-coexist to exlusive Public facilities land Residential land Industrial land The different types of land which can coexist are centralizing The different types of land which can coexist are centralizing 1984 2002 1984 2002 14/18

15. Land price Land interaction Urban planning Government policy Market mechanism Government mechanism Some problems on environment or society Adjusting Harmonizing Dominating

16. Urban Planning Urban Planning Urban Development Planning and Urban Land Use Planning are authoritative while influencing the land use distribution. Urban Development Planning and Urban Land Use Planning are authoritative while influencing the land use distribution. The function district in urban planning promotes the land conversion in Urumqi city. For example, the land conversion into public facilities land, especial commercial land, is very evidently in CBD. The industrial land tends to concentrate in Industrial Park. The function district in urban planning promotes the land conversion in Urumqi city. For example, the land conversion into public facilities land, especial commercial land, is very evidently in CBD. The industrial land tends to concentrate in Industrial Park. 15/18

17. Government Policy on urban land use Government Policy on urban land use The policy of urban land reserve The policy of urban land reserve Planning Government retraction repurchase Market During 1984-2002, the policy of land use has not affected the urban land conversion in Urumqi city. Because the policy began to imply in 2003. During 1984-2002, the policy of land use has not affected the urban land conversion in Urumqi city. Because the policy began to imply in 2003. During 2003-2005, Urumqi has stored urban land 883 ha through purchasing the land from bankrupt enterprises, collecting the land unused or purchasing agriculture land near the built-up area. At the same time, there are 15% land of storage has been supplied to urban planning. During 2003-2005, Urumqi has stored urban land 883 ha through purchasing the land from bankrupt enterprises, collecting the land unused or purchasing agriculture land near the built-up area. At the same time, there are 15% land of storage has been supplied to urban planning. 16/18

18. Conclusion The process of urban land conversion is analyzed by GIS, including the non-building land to urban land and the conversion between existing urban land. The process of urban land conversion is analyzed by GIS, including the non-building land to urban land and the conversion between existing urban land. Urban land conversion is characteristic of following: Urban land expanded mostly in the northern part of city; The urban land expansion is more dominant than the conversion of existing urban land. But the conversion process of existing urban land is becoming more and more significant;The expansion and conversion of main types of land result in spatial distribution characteristic respectively. Urban land conversion is characteristic of following: Urban land expanded mostly in the northern part of city; The urban land expansion is more dominant than the conversion of existing urban land. But the conversion process of existing urban land is becoming more and more significant;The expansion and conversion of main types of land result in spatial distribution characteristic respectively. Market mechanism including land price and land interaction plays the basic role to make the urban land utility more effective. Government mechanism including urban planning and government policy harmonize the conflict between economy, society and ecology in the process of urban land use. Market mechanism including land price and land interaction plays the basic role to make the urban land utility more effective. Government mechanism including urban planning and government policy harmonize the conflict between economy, society and ecology in the process of urban land use. 17/18

19. Thank you! 18/18