1. Internet Technologies XSLT Processing XML using XSLT Using XPath Escaping to Java

2. Internet Technologies Processing XML using XSLT Instructions for dowloading Xalan can be found in Lab 2. The following programs were tested with the command line C:>xalan somefile.xml somefile.xsl resultfile.html The Xalan classes (and xslt processing) may also be accessed via a servlet or Java application (see Lab 2).

3. Internet Technologies The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company Input

4. Internet Technologies <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"> Processing

5. Internet Technologies The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company Output

6. Internet Technologies The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company Input

7. Internet Technologies <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"> The default rules matches the root, library and block elements.

8. Internet Technologies The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company The output is the same.

9. Internet Technologies The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company Cliff Notes on The Catcher in the Rye Two books in the input

10. Internet Technologies <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"> What’s the output?

11. Internet Technologies The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company Cliff Notes on The Catcher in the Rye Illegal HTML

12. Internet Technologies The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company Input

13. Internet Technologies <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"> <!-- --> We are not matching on publisher.

14. Internet Technologies The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company We get the default rule matching the publisher and then printing its child.

15. Internet Technologies The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company Input

16. Internet Technologies <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"> We can skip the publisher by matching and stopping the recursion.

17. Internet Technologies The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger

18. Internet Technologies The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company A shelf has many books.

19. Internet Technologies <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"> Will this do the job?

20. Internet Technologies The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company This is not what we want.

21. Internet Technologies The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company Same input.

22. Internet Technologies <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"> Found a shelf Checks for a shelf and quits.

23. Internet Technologies Found a shelf Output

24. Internet Technologies The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company Same input.

25. Internet Technologies <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"> These are a few of my favorite books Produce a table of books.

26. Internet Technologies These are a few of my favorite books 1 The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Little, Brown and Company 2 The XSLT Programmer's Reference Michael Kay Wrox Press 3 Computer Organization and Design Patterson and Henessey Morgan Kaufmann

27. Internet Technologies

28. XPATH Non-xml language used to identify particular parts of an xml document Used by XSLT for matching and selecting particular elements to be copied into the result tree. Used by Xpointer to identify a particular point in or part of an xml document that an Xlink links to. Slides adapted from “XML in a Nutshell” by Harold

29. Internet Technologies XPATH First, we’ll look at three commonly used XSLT instructions: xsl:value-of xsl:template xsl:apply-templates

30. Internet Technologies XPATH The xsl:value-of element computes the string value of an Xpath expression and inserts it into the result tree. XPath allows us to select nodes in the tree and different node types produce different values.

31. Internet Technologies XPATH element => the text content of the element after all tags are stripped text => the text of the node attribute => the value of the attribute root => the value of the root processing-instruction => the processing instruction data (, and the target are not included comment => the text of the comment (no comment symbols) namespace => the namespace URI node set => the value of the first node in the set

32. Internet Technologies XPATH The xsl:template top-level element is the key to all of xslt. The match attribute contains a pattern (location path) against which nodes are compared as they’re processed. If the pattern matches a node, then the contents are instantiated

33. Internet Technologies XPATH Find and apply the highest priority template that matches the node set expression. If the select attribute is not present then all children of the context node are processed.

34. Internet Technologies The Tree Structure of an XML Document Alan Turing computer scientist mathematician cryptographer See Harold Pg. 147

35. Internet Technologies Richard M Feynman physicist Playing the bongoes Unicode ‘M’

36. Internet Technologies / person born = “1914” died = “1952” id=“p342” person name first_name Alan <!– Did the word “computer scientist” exist in Turing’s day?”-- > profession

37. Internet Technologies The root Element Nodes Text Nodes Attribute Nodes Comment Nodes Processing Instructions Namespace Nodes Nodes seen by XPath Constructs not seen by XPath CDATA sections Entity references Document Type Declarations

38. Internet Technologies Note The following appears in each example below so it has been removed from the slides. <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0" > :

39. Internet Technologies Location Paths The root matched the root matched the root

40. Internet Technologies Location Paths Child element location paths (relative to context node) computer scientist

41. Internet Technologies Location Paths Attribute location paths (relative to context node) 1912

42. Internet Technologies Location Paths Attribute location paths (relative to context node) 1912 1918

43. Internet Technologies Location Paths Comment Location Step (comments don’t have names) Did the word "computer scientist" exist in Turing's day?

44. Internet Technologies Location Paths Comment Location Step comment deleted Document content with comments replaced as shown. Default – no comments output

45. Internet Technologies Location Paths Text Location Step (Text nodes don’t have names) computer scientist

46. Internet Technologies Location Paths Processing Instruction Location Step type="text/xsl" href = "pi.xsl"

47. Internet Technologies Location Paths Wild cards There are three wild cards: *, node(), @* The * matches any element node. It will not match attributes, text nodes, comments or processing instructions nodes.

48. Internet Technologies Location Paths Matching with * Matches all elements and requests calls on sub-elements only. Nothing is displayed. The text nodes are never reached.

49. Internet Technologies Location Paths Matching with node() The node() wild card matches all nodes: element nodes, text nodes, attribute nodes, processing instruction nodes, namespace nodes and comment nodes. Not implemented in XT

50. Internet Technologies Location Paths Matching with @* The @* wild card matches all attribute nodes. XT does not like it in an but likes it in an

51. Internet Technologies Location Paths Matching with @* 19121954p342 19181988p4567

52. Internet Technologies Location Paths Multiple matches with | Matches all the elements. Skips the text nodes unless they describe a profession or hobby.

53. Internet Technologies Location Paths Selecting from all descendants with // // selects from all descendants of the context node as well as the context node itself. At the beginning of an Xpath expression, it selects from all descendants of the root node.

54. Internet Technologies Location Paths Selecting from all descendants with // TuringFeynman

55. Internet Technologies Location Paths Selecting from all descendants with // Alan

56. Internet Technologies Location Paths Selecting from all descendants with // AlanRichard

57. Internet Technologies Location Paths Selecting from all descendants with // Richard

58. Internet Technologies Predicates In general, an Xpath expression may refer to more than one node. Predicates allow us to reduce the number of nodes we are interested in. Each step in a location path may have a predicate that selects from the node list that is current at that step in the expression. The boolean expression in the predicate is tested against each node in the context node list. If the expression is false then that node is deleted from the list.

59. Internet Technologies Predicates Richard M Feynman

60. Internet Technologies Predicates Richard M Feynman physicist Playing the bongoes

61. Internet Technologies Predicates Alan Turing computer scientist mathematician cryptographer

62. Internet Technologies Predicates Richard M Feynman physicist Playing the bongoes

63. Internet Technologies Predicates <xsl:apply-templates select = "/people/person[@born < 1950]/ name[first_name='Alan']" /> Alan Turing

64. Internet Technologies General XPath Expressions Xpath expressions that are not node sets can’t be used in the match attribute of an xsl:template element. They can be used for the values for the select attribute of xsl:value-of elements and in location path predicates.

65. Internet Technologies General XPath Expressions 191.2191.8

66. Internet Technologies General XPath Expressions Xpath Functions Person Person 1 Person 2

67. Internet Technologies General XPath Expressions Xpath Functions Mr. T. Mr. T. Alan Turing Node set converted to string

68. Internet Technologies Escaping to Java Extension functions provide a mechanism for extending the capabilities of XSLT by escaping into another language Such as Java or JavaScript. If there is no namespace prefix on the function then it must be a core function built into XSLT. Otherwise, it’s an extension function.

69. Internet Technologies General XPath Expressions Extended Xpath Functions <xsl:template name = "show-date" xmlns:Date = "http://www.jclark.com/xt/java/java.util.Date"> Using James Clarke’s XT

70. Internet Technologies Escaping to Java Mon Mar 19 10:46:17 EST 2001

71. Internet Technologies Escaping to Java // A simple bean saved under Www/beans/MyDate.java // The classpath c:\Jigsaw\Jigsaw\Jigsaw\Www\beans import java.util.*; public class MyDate { Date d; public MyDate() { d = new Date(); } public Date getDate() { return d; }

72. Internet Technologies public String toString() { return "The date is " + d.toString(); } public static void main(String a[]) { MyDate x = new MyDate(); System.out.println(x); }

73. Internet Technologies Escaping to Java <xsl:template name = "show-date" xmlns:Date = "http://www.jclark.com/xt/java/MyDate"> The date is Mon Mar 19 11:17:24 EST 2001