1. Geospatial standards Beyond FGDC Geog 458: Map Sources and Errors March 3, 2006

2. Outlines Major developers of geospatial standards –ISO TC 211 –OGC Geospatial metadata content standards –Transition from CSDGM to ISO metadata

3. ISO/TC 211 ISO is an international, independent, and formal standard organizations –ANSI is the U.S. member body of ISO ISO/TC 211 is responsible for standardization in the field of digital geographic information Ultimate –Their standards will form ultimate geospatial standards across public/private or any geographic level –Some generic FGDC-approved standards will migrate into ISO TC 211 standards Transition from FGDC metadata content standard to ISO metadata content standards Comprehensive –Standards will specify methods, tools and services for data management (including definition and description), acquiring, processing, analyzing, accessing, presenting and transferring such data in digital/electronic form between different users, systems and locations.

4. OGC Non-profit, international, voluntary consensus standard organization Develops standards for geospatial and location based services –Transition from GISystem to GIService –Concept of internet (wired/ wireless) as market place than route Open environment –Focus on open and extensible software application programming interfaces for GIS; promotes OO paradigms or interoperability Technical –Focus on lower-level geospatial activities (e.g. implementing web mapping interface, defining geometry type) –Their works include web map service, web feature service, web catalogue service, and location based service

5. What’s new with ISO metadata standard? Contents –CSDGM similar & new elements –Domains and conditionality –Essential or core elements Formats –Document or production rules have disappeared –Formatted for better interoperability: UML or XML –Multi-level metadata

6. ISO Metadata: content CSDGM Similar Elements –Many elements overlap Distribution, identification, spatial reference –new terminology and definitions CSDGM = Originator ISO = Responsible Party w/ Role = originator custodian owner publisher….

7. ISO Metadata: content New (non-CSDGM) Elements –International elements Data / Metadata Language –Extended elements CSDGM = geographic and temporal extent ISO = geographic, temporal, & vertical extent –Lacking elements ISO Topic Category – 19 standardized subject categories to facilitate data discovery

8. ISO Metadata: content Domains and Conditionality –More fixed domains in place of free text Responsible Party - Role and Topic Categories represented as codes Role = Originator (006) Topic Category = Transportation (018) –Fewer mandatory elements Core contains only 7 mandatory elements –More optional elements

9. ISO metadata: core elements Dataset titleSpatial representation type Dataset reference dateReference system Dataset responsible partyLineage statement Geographic locationOn-line resource Dataset languageMetadata file identifier Dataset character setMetadata standard name Dataset topic categoryMetadata standard version Spatial resolutionMetadata language AbstractMetadata character set Distribution formatMetadata point of contact Additional extent info (vert / temp)Metadata date stamp all national profiles of ISO must include the core *mandatory

10. ISO metadata: UML The format of the standard itself is changing. CSDGM was published as a document. ISO 19115 is published as a UML diagram and a supporting Data Dictionary

11. ISO metadata: XML ISO 19139 will be published as an XML schema with supporting documentation.

12. Why format change? Create more consistent, robust metadata –Metadata is currently created in multiple formats (txt, doc, html, etc.) with the least robust, txt, format serving as the primary metadata transfer format 1) internally harvest metadata from the data and (i.e. more automated feature) 2) manage data.

13. Multi-level metadata Hierarchical organization of metadata –Data Series - wetlands –Dataset - Paducah wetlands –Feature Type - marsh –Feature Instance - Mandy’s Marsh –Attribute Type - salinity –Attribute Instance - actual % water salinity

14. Greater dependency on tools Since the standard has been crafted as a series of UML diagrams and XML schemas, those metadata experts use to referencing the CSDGM standard document must now choose… do they: 1) learn UML and XML so that they can work with the standard directly or 2) put faith in the tools to provide a useful interface to the standard? 3)This is somewhat analogous to the move from the GIS command line to the graphic user interface.

15. Preparing transition to ISO metadata Any conversion tools between CSDGM and ISO metadata? –FGDC contracted Intergraph/SMMS –ArcCatalog ArcCatalog provides ISO metadata editor (only includes core elements)

16. Preparing transition to ISO metadata Add one or more ISO Topic Categories to your existing CSDGM metadata records as Theme_Keywords boundariesoceans health transportation economy society elevationfarming location biotastructure environment utilitiesCommunication intelligenceMilitary geoscientificInformation inlandWaters imageryBaseMapsEarthCover planningCadastre climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere