1. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Sedimentary Structures Sole marks

2. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Sedimentary Structures Flute casts

3. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Sedimentary Structures Tool marks

4. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Sedimentary Structures Flame Structures

5. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Sedimentary Structures Geopetal Structures or Which Way is UP? Load structures

6. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Sedimentary Structures Geopetal Structures or Which Way is UP? Mudcracks

7. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Sedimentary Structures Geopetal Structures or Which Way is UP? Planar Cross-beds

8. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Sedimentary Structures Geopetal Structures or Which Way is UP? Trough Cross-beds

9. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Sedimentary Structures Geopetal Structures or Which Way is UP? Oscillation ripples

10. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Sedimentary Structures Geopetal Structures or Which Way is UP? Tool marks

11. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Sedimentary Structures Geopetal Structures or Which Way is UP? Fossils

12. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Sedimentary Structures Geopetal Structures or Which Way is UP? Fossils

13. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Sedimentary Structures Geopetal Structures or Which Way is UP? Raindrop Impressions

14. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Interpretation of Sedimentary Rocks Provide information about conditions in and near the site of deposition Such as:source area from composition amount of transport erosion Qtz vs. Feldspar (clay and iron compounds) vs Ferromagnesians Immature vs mature

15. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Classification of Sedimentary Rocks "Systems of classification are not hatracks, objectively presented to us by nature. They are dynamic theories developed to express particular views..." Stephen Jay Gould

17. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Classification of Sedimentary Rocks

18. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Classification of Sedimentary Rocks

19. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Classification of Sedimentary Rocks TEXTURE

20. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Classification of Sedimentary Rocks

21. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Classification of Sedimentary Rocks Quartz Arenite  > 90% Quartz  Cement: silica calcite

22. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Classification of Sedimentary Rocks Feldspathic Arenite Arkose  >25% Feldspar  Granitic source  Remainder is quartz  Cement: clay calcite iron oxides

23. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Classification of Sedimentary Rocks Lithic Arenite Greywacke  >33% rock fragments  Immature sandstone  Poorly sorted, angular  Remainder is quartz, feldspar  Cement: very little mostly clays

24. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Classification of Sedimentary Rocks

25. Composition Carbonate rocks consist of limestone and dolostone. The minerals present in each are: Limestone Calcite Aragonite Dolostone Dolomite SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Classification of Sedimentary Rocks Carbonates

26. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Classification of Sedimentary Rocks Carbonates Most of marine origin Directly or indirectly related to biological processes Skeletal remains may be visible Can be evaporites Changes in water temp., alkalinity, CO 2 conc. Clear, shallow tropical waters

27. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Classification of Sedimentary Rocks Carbonates Characteristics of most marine carbonate environments: Warm water Tropical climate (30 ° N - 30 ° S of equator) Shallow water (less than 200 m deep) Clear water (low to no terrigenous input) Sunlight required for photosynthesis by algae