2. Absolutely pure iron

3. Five plates and two rods, National Art Gallery, Washington

5. Smithsonian: Natural History Museum

7. Smithsonian: Air & Space Fe-Ni alloy, 0.0021072 mm thick

8. Inter-galactic gas guess what? Fe

9. Entropy P P / 2 How pure can pure be?

11. o o A B A B Gibbs free energy per mole   Concentration x of B Incredibly difficult to get extreme purity!

13. hexagonal close-packed

14. cubic close-packed

17. body-centred cubic cubic close-packed

18. 1.61.41.21.00.8 -65 -55 -45 -35 Normalised volume Diamond cubic Cubic-P Hexagonal-P b.c.c c.c.p h.c.p Cohesive energy (eV/atom) Paxton et al. (1990) pure iron

19. electron has a spin; effectively a current in a loop, creating a little magnet; this is the Bohr magneton

21. Bundy (1965)

22. Iron atom in ferrite 2.2 Iron atom in thin film3.1 Iron atom in austenite 2.8 or 0.6 Bhor magnetons

23. Fe Ru Os Hs 6d 2s

24. Iron[Ar]+ 8 e - b.c.c Ruthenium[Kr] + 8 e - h.c.p Osmium[Xe] + 14f + 8 e - h.c.p Hassium[Rn] + 14f + 8 e - ???

25. body-centred cubic (ferrite) cubic close-packed (austenite) hexagonal close-packed double hexagonal close-packed trigonal tetragonal magnetic transitions pure iron

26. DISPLACIVE RECONSTRUCTIVE

27. The Song

28. an apple weighs 1 Newton 1 m = 1 Pa

30. 1 Denier: weight in grams, of 9 km of fibre 10 Denier Scifer is 9 Denier

31. Scifer, 5.5 GPa with ductility! Kobe Steel

32. Atom probe image of Scifer, 5.5 GPa steel wire Bhadeshia and Harada, 1993

33. TRANSPARENT STEEL: the teaching of creative design by Harry Bhadeshia Materials World, March 1995, p. 128

34. Why is iron opaque? opaque transparent

36. 1991 Sumio Iijima studied soot, found nanotubes, nested like Russian dolls. Nanotubes grow efficiently from gas with iron as catalyst.

37. Perception of smell template model spectroscopic model Luca Turin

38. nickel in cage molecule iron in cage molecule Luca Turin

39. Cooking temperature? 180 to 220 °C

40. Pizza steel, cooked at 200 °C for 20 days 2.5 billion apples on one square meter Caballero, Mateo & Bhadeshia

41. Longest (2 km) single-span bridge, near Kobe, Japan

43. Rope bridge, Atlantis, Bahamas

44. www.msm.cam.ac.uk/phase-trans/2001/pureiron.ppt ……/steel3.wav