1. Water Distribution in Mexico City: the De-Privatization of the Water Industry and it’s Effects Lauren Heyn, Tad VandenBrink, Meagan Chuey

2. Introduction Mexico City: struggling to provide all of it’s citizens with sanitary water Lack of water due to many things: - unpredictable transportation of water - deficiency of waste water treatment plants - fraction of the water industry into the federal, state, and private water distribution sectors

3. Main Issue: The source of all problems is in the fractioning of the water industry. Therefore we propose that the water distribution in Mexico would be easiest solved by a full takeover by the federal government - large short-run cost, even larger long-term benefit

4. Problems with Water Distribution Water problem has three dimension: a) treatment of water b) drainage of water c) transportation of water

5. Treatment of Water -Leads to diseases, particularly for small children and the elderly -12 million die each year due to diseases caused by unsanitary water - results on a dependence on the bottled-water industry - decrease in tourism and businesses willing to locate here - Many people do not have access to sewers -Waste is released directly into ground, contaminating the ground water

6. Drainage of Water -Only two canals that currently drain the city - should either of these fail, would lead to a great amount of flooding - Mexico City is surrounded by mountains and is slowly sinking, creating a kind of ‘hole’ that would be difficult to drain should extensive occur

7. Transportation of Water - Rainfall not distributed evenly throughout country, so there is a great need for the transportation of water

9. Transportation of Water (cont.) -Currently being transported through old, leaky pipes - water lost would provide for 4 million people -Misappropriation of water -an excess amount of water is being used unwisely for irrigation – this takes away from water being able to be used in city

10. Focus on Irrigation -76% of water is used for irrigation - this water does not need to be treated as heavily, makes water more accessible and cheaper - stronger focus on drainage and storage of this water

11. Water Industry -Split between federal, state, and private water distributors -We recommend the federal government taking full control and responsibility of the water industry

12. Brief History of Water Industry -Responsibility of the water industry in Mexico City has flipped between the federal and state governments to private corporations - in 1980s, programs funded to improve transportation and efficiency, and although successful, funding was cut to go towards other things

13. Brief History of Water Industry (cont.) -Setting a trend for future governments, Mexico adopted the policy of privatizing the water industry -led to several companies owning different parts of the water industry - This system of negotiating contracts over short and long periods of time between private companies leads to inefficiency

14. Problems with Privatization -Constant need of a middle man between the private companies and the government leads to inefficiency -Often these wastewater treatment plants will be owned by foreigners and the economic benefits will be reaped by other countries -Employment outsourced -When employment not outsourced, often results in horrible working conditions, overworking, and underpayment

15. Government Taking Responsibility -Help from the UN in setting up stable infrastructure - Developing a global partnership for development - Combating diseases - Ensuring environmental sustainability

16. Conclusion -We believe that the government should take total control of the distribution of water and infrastructure of the water industry in Mexico City -Without the funding within the country to support this, help should be requested from the UN