1. Split, 12 December 2005 University of Zagreb Slide 1 Chip level EMC measurements and simulations “Impact of Communications Technology to EMC“, COST 286 Workshop Vladimir Čeperić Hrvoje Marković Adrijan Barić Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb

2. Split, 12 December 2005 University of Zagreb Slide 2 Chip level EMC measurements and simulations European research program ROBUSPIC (ROBUst mixed signal design methodologies for Smart Power ICs). UZAG’s focus points: – Development of parasitic extraction procedures suitable for EMC (electro-magnetic compatibility) analysis – Identification and modelling of EME (electro-magnetic emission) sources and analysis of EMI (electro-magnetic immunity) – Methodology for full-chip smart-power EMC simulation

3. Split, 12 December 2005 University of Zagreb Slide 3 Outline Integrating EMC simulations in design flow Extraction and influence of PWR/GND parasitics EMC measurements system (IEC 62132-4 and IEC 61967-4) EMC test chip EMC optimizations Conclusion

4. Split, 12 December 2005 University of Zagreb Design flow System level architecture design & component spec. Electrical circuit design Physical pattern layout RC/RLC parasitic extraction & EMC simulations Measurement & verification PWR/GND lines/core of the circuit separation RC extraction of the core (Assura,...) RC (RLC) extraction of PWR/GND lines Spice netlist EMC simulations MOR

5. Split, 12 December 2005 University of Zagreb Slide 5 The influence of the PWR/GND parasitics on the the emission levels Comparison of invertor module and invertor module with HFSS extracted PWR/GND structure

6. Split, 12 December 2005 University of Zagreb Slide 6 NEED TO CONSIDER PACKAGING PARASITICS! Influence of the package SOIC8 package

7. Split, 12 December 2005 University of Zagreb Slide 7 Cadence Interface in Skill language For conducted EME (IEC 61967-4) - automatic generation of the Spectre netlist(s) with implementation of the 1 Ohm method - transient simulations in Spectre - manipulation of the results to determine the spectrum - display of the results and automatic determination of the emission levels For EM immunity (IEC 62132-4) - Spectre analyses for defined input power range - determination of the input power which causes malfunction - display of the results

8. Split, 12 December 2005 University of Zagreb RC load of the BUS, R=1 kOhm (to V BAT ) and C=1 nF to GND Operating at 20.0 kbit/sec, V BAT = 13.7 V, Input frequency f=1 MHz IEC 62132-4 for the measurement of EM immunity with direct RF power injection method - HTVD LIN

9. Split, 12 December 2005 University of Zagreb Slide 9 EME and EMI HTVD LIN interface measurement system EMC measurement system

10. Split, 12 December 2005 University of Zagreb Slide 10 HTVD – LIN interface EMC measurements EME measurements- Voltage over 1 Ohm (IEC 61947-4) RxD TxD BUS EMI measurements - DPI method (IEC 62132-4) –Matlab measuring automatization: –EME _ EMI _measure_GPIB.m script

11. Split, 12 December 2005 University of Zagreb HTVD – LIN interface 1 Ohm method measurement simulation

12. Split, 12 December 2005 University of Zagreb Slide 12 EMC test chip Chip for EMC testing: high voltage and low voltage parts - ams C35/H35 digital conducted EME testing structure (to evaluate the influence of backannotation) LIN interface (conducted EME and EMI) analog LC oscillator (conducted EME, package parasitics model evaluation)

13. Split, 12 December 2005 University of Zagreb Slide 13 EMC test chip Chip for EMC testing: two different packages used to evaluate package influence on EME and EMI CLCC84 (Ceramic Leadless Chip Carrier) JLCC84 (J-Leaded Ceramic Chip Carrier)

14. Split, 12 December 2005 University of Zagreb Slide 14 EMC test chip Chip for EMC testing: conducted EME testing structure LIN1, LIN2 LC oscillator1, LC oscillator2

15. Split, 12 December 2005 University of Zagreb Slide 15 Conducted EME testing structure Conducted EME test structure enables: Output buffers with different output currents can be enabled5. Different number of PWR/GND refreshes4. Different widths of PWR/GND rails3. Input of each block can either be common input signal or output of previous block 2. Independent switching of 96 blocks1.

16. Split, 12 December 2005 University of Zagreb Slide 16 QUAD LC oscillator and VCO High voltage (AMS H35 CMOS technology) Cross-coupling increases significantly the precision of the oscillation frequency Bond wires provide a resonant tank with high Q conducted EME simulation and measurement Bond wires used as inductance – package parasitics model evaluation VCO

17. Split, 12 December 2005 University of Zagreb Slide 17 LIN interface LIN interface is design in high voltage technology (50V) Design is tested for EM emission and EM immunity LIN interface from LIN2.0 standard ( Figure 3.1 )

18. Split, 12 December 2005 University of Zagreb LIN interface EME optimization After optimization: C-12-m –Matlab script: EmissionLeveloptimization.m Before optimization: C-10-o Optimization parameters: voltage levels on BUS, emission level of LIN interface, width, length and number of fingers of the high voltage transistor at TxD input

19. Split, 12 December 2005 University of Zagreb LIN interface EMS optimization Optimization parameters: duty cycle and time delay (LIN 2.0 standard), width, of the 10 transistors in Schmitt trigger Matlab script: ImmunityOptimization.m Psin source connected to BUS pin via 4.7nF capacitor f1=150kHz, f2=1MHz, dBm=20 Without optimization: max: td1=6.0755e-06, td2=5.691e-06 duty cycle min=0.4098 duty cycle max=0.4254 With optimization: max: td1=5.2535e-06, td2=5.691e-06 duty cycle min=0.4278 duty cycle max= 0.42793

20. Split, 12 December 2005 University of Zagreb Slide 20 Conclusion EMC simulations can be incorporated into design flow Package and PCB parasitics have to be considered EMC measurement system according to IEC 62132-4 and IEC 61967-4 standards is being built EMC test chip enables easy validation of EMC simulations vs. measurements –package model validation –comparison of 3D EM simulations vs. RC extraction simulations Circuit optimizations wrt. EMC behavior are performed