Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
1
Complexity Science & Transport Systems Jeffrey Johnson & Joan Serras Design, Development, Environment & Materials The Open University to infinity … and beyond
2
The Complex Systems Perspective: Road systems - interconnected systems of dynamic systems. Many subsystems: Populations, roads, railways, land uses, regulations. All have multilevel structure, e.g. people, families, neighbourhoods, cities. All have dynamics => emergent dynamics of whole Subsystems have thousands or millions of parts can only be modelled on computers. How to represent and modelling huge heterogeneous multilevel road systems such as the whole of the UK or Europe ?
3
You are here You came in here or here
4
You are here
9
… and you’re still in England Wales ! There’s a lot of stuff
10
… how can we represent so much stuff ? There’s a lot of stuff
11
… how can we represent so much stuff ? There’s a lot of stuff
12
from micro to macro ? There’s a lot of stuff
13
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Everything is becoming more & more connected Milton Keynes Bedford
14
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Everything is becoming more & more connected Milton Keynes Bedford
15
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Everything is becoming more & more connected Milton Keynes Bedford
16
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Everything is becoming more & more connected Milton Keynes Bedford Cannot divide & rule - the are connected !
17
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Objectives of the research To model road system in an holistic way such that: captures the dynamics of road traffic: microdynamics: e.g. shock waves macrodynamics: e.g. transmission of congestion
18
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Objectives of the research To model road system in an holistic way such that: captures the dynamics of road traffic: microdynamics: e.g. shock waves macrodynamics: e.g. transmission of congestion includes all the smallest level links – nothing left out! aggregates bottom-up dynamics – no information loss!
19
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Objectives of the research To model road system in an holistic way such that: captures the dynamics of road traffic: microdynamics: e.g. shock waves macrodynamics: e.g. transmission of congestion includes all the smallest level links – nothing left out! aggregates bottom-up dynamics – no information loss! distributes computation and data naturally across administrative levels
20
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Objectives of the research To model road system in an holistic way such that: captures the dynamics of road traffic: microdynamics: e.g. shock waves macrodynamics: e.g. transmission of congestion includes all the smallest level links – nothing left out! aggregates bottom-up dynamics – no information loss! distributes computation and data naturally across administrative levels illustrate by huge road systems, e.g. London, Europe
21
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Starting point: it is like this
22
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Starting point: it is like this Plots of land – ‘zones’
23
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Starting point: it is like this Plots of land – ‘zones’ Activity Land Uses
24
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Starting point: it is like this Plots of land – ‘zones’ Activity Land Uses
25
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Starting point: it is like this origin destination Trips are made between located activities
26
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Starting point: it is like this origin destination
27
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Starting point: it is like this origin destination
28
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Starting point: it is like this origin destination
29
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Starting point: it is like this origin destination
30
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Starting point: it is like this origin destination
31
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Starting point: it is like this origin destination A route traverses a set of zones at different ‘levels’
32
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Starting point: it is like this Plots aggregate into larger areas – zones
33
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Zones aggregate into larger zones
34
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Zones aggregate into larger zones
35
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Zones aggregate into larger zones
36
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Larger zones aggregate into even larger zones
37
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Larger zones aggregate into even larger zones
38
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Larger zones aggregate into even larger zones
39
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Even larger zones aggregate into even larger zones
40
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Even larger zones aggregate into even larger zones
41
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University … and so on to zones for London, England, Europe, …
42
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University We assume there is a hierarchical set of zones Z N-3 … Z N-1 Z N Z N+2 … Z N+k-1 Z N+k
43
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University We assume there is a hierarchical set of zones link between junction nodes kitchen house plot, road segment Z N-3 … Z N-1 Z N Z N+2 … Z N+k-1 Z N+k
44
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University We assume there is a hierarchical set of zones link between junction nodes kitchen house plot, road segment Z N-3 … Z N-1 Z N Z N+2 … Z N+k-1 Z N+k Abstract higher level lines (to be explained)
45
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Define a set of nodes - where a vehicle can cross a road zone boundary
46
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Define a set of nodes - where a vehicle can cross a road zone boundary A link is defined by a pair of nodes
47
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Define a set of nodes - where a vehicle can cross a road zone boundary A link is defined by a pair of nodes ‘conventional’ links exist at Level N
48
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University A B A Level-N route is a set of Level N links
49
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University A B There are many N-Level routes between A and B
50
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University A B There are many N-Level routes between A and B
51
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University A B There are many N-Level routes between A and B
52
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University A B Let this set of routes be a Level N+2 Link
53
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University There are ~8000 Level-N routes between A and B A B ~ 20 routes
54
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Put a N+2-level nodes on the boundaries A B
55
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Make Level N+2 links and a Level N+2 route A B
56
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Make Level N+2 links and a Level N+2 route A B
57
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Make Level N+2 links and a Level N+2 route A B
58
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University We now have 20 + 20 + 20 + 1 = 61 << 8000 routes ! A B ~ 20 routes
59
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University We now have ~ 100,000 possible routes ! A B ~ 50 routes
60
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University We now have ~150 + 9 = ~159 <<< 100,000 routes! A B ~ 50 routes
61
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University If the routes cross a Level N+3 Zone.. A B
62
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University A B … make a Level N+3 link as the set of N+2 routes
63
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University A B Hierarchical routes used for routing trips Level N+2 links Level N+1 links Level N+1 Level N links Within hierarchical zones, always use the highest level links available
64
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University A B Higher level links have lower variance ! Level N+2 links Level N+1 links Level N+1 Level N links relative frequency travel time, minutes travel timetravel time, hours 100% relative frequency
65
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University A B Hierarchical routes used for routing trips Level N+2 links Level N+1 links Level N+1 Level N links Note: higher level links have more stable flow and travel time statistics than lower level links initialisation heuristics ?
66
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University TRANSIMS – from Micro simulation to Macro dynamics
67
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University TRANSIMS – from Micro simulation to Macro dynamics
68
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University TRANSIMS – from Micro simulation to Macro dynamics
69
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University TRANSIMS – from Micro simulation to Macro dynamics
70
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University TRANSIMS – from Micro simulation to Macro dynamics
71
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Level N+7 Level N+6 Level N+5 Level N+4 Level N+3 Level N+2 Level N+1 Level N Level N-1 Level N-2 Level N-3 The World ! Region (e.g. the Americas, Asia ) Nation (e.g. USA, UK ) State (e.g. Virginia, Buckinghamshire) City, rural region (e.g. New River Valley) Small town (e.g. Blacksburg, Milton Keynes) Neighbourhood (e.g. VT Campus) Conventional Links and zones Road segment, plot of land House, garden, garage Rooms
72
Traffic Modelling Conference 31-March-2009 Open University Research in Progress 1.Devise new microlevel simulation 2.Implement at microlevel for Milton Keynes 3.Implement hierarchical routing schemes 4.New synthetic micropopulation – all properties 5. Run the system for Milton Keynes 6. … extend to UK 7. … extend to Europe 8. … extend to infinity, and beyond !
Similar presentations
© 2024 SlidePlayer.com. Inc.
All rights reserved.