1. Loving The Penguin: LINUX Nancie Rideout Tiffany Smith Tara Stuckless Jo-Anne Tilley

2. Overview Introduction/History - Nancie Distributions - Tiffany Hardware Compatibility – Tiffany Requirements – Tiffany Stability & Kernel – Tara X Windows System - Tara Software Compatibility - Tara User Friendliness - Nancie Popularity - Nancie Cost – Jo-Anne Licensing Agreement – Jo-Anne Advantages/Disadvantages – Jo-Anne ReferencesDemo

3. The Creator Linux kernel written by Linus Torvalds in 1991 student at University of Helsinki first version of Linux released to the Internet in September 1991 second version released to the Internet in October 1991 logo/mascot of Linux is Tux (the penguin)

4. Linus’ Original Post: 25.8.91 Hello everybody out there using minix - I'm doing a (free) operating system (just a hobby, won't be big and professional) for 386(486) clones. This has been brewing since April, and is starting to get ready. I'd like any feedback on things people like/dislike in minix, as my OS resembles it somewhat (same physical layout of the file- system (due to practical reasons) among other things). Hello everybody out there using minix - I'm doing a (free) operating system (just a hobby, won't be big and professional) for 386(486) clones. This has been brewing since April, and is starting to get ready. I'd like any feedback on things people like/dislike in minix, as my OS resembles it somewhat (same physical layout of the file- system (due to practical reasons) among other things).

5. Distributions prepackaged Linux systems ready to install prepackaged Linux systems ready to install make Linux more user friendly make Linux more user friendly differences among distributions may include: differences among distributions may include: Different versions of kernel Different versions of kernel Different core sets of applications, utilities, and management tools Different core sets of applications, utilities, and management tools Different installation packages Different installation packages some include: some include: Redhat, Slackware, Mandrake, SuSE Redhat, Slackware, Mandrake, SuSE

6. General Hardware Compatibility Motherboards: Motherboards: recent motherboards should work recent motherboards should work CPU CPU Intel 386, 486 Intel 386, 486 Pentium I to IV, and Celeron Pentium I to IV, and Celeron AMD 386, 486, K5, K6, K6-2, K6-3, and Athlon AMD 386, 486, K5, K6, K6-2, K6-3, and Athlon Cyrix 386, 486, 5x86, 6x86, and MediaGX Cyrix 386, 486, 5x86, 6x86, and MediaGX Hard Drives Hard Drives Supports IDE and a number of popular SCSI Supports IDE and a number of popular SCSI

7. General Hardware Compatibility PnP (Plug and Play) PnP (Plug and Play) computer detects and configures a new piece of hardware automatically computer detects and configures a new piece of hardware automatically Linux not originally a PnP system Linux not originally a PnP system newer kernels allow for PnP newer kernels allow for PnP compared to Windows compared to Windows compatible to less hardware because it has fewer users then Windows compatible to less hardware because it has fewer users then Windows

8. Requirements Bare Minimum Usable Comfortable Use RAM 1 MB 4 MB 16 MB or more HD Space 1.2 or 1.44 floppy 20 MB 200 MB to 1 GB or more

9. Difference in Requirements Redhat 9 Slackware 10.0 Mandrake 10.0 SuSE 9.1 Processor Intel Pentium 486, Intel, AMD, Cyrix Intel, AMD Memory (MB of RAM) 64 min Recommend:128 16 min Recommend:128 32 min Recommend:128 128 for graphical mode Recommend: 256 256 Hard Drive Space 475 MB min 850 MB min for server 5 GB for all 500 MB min Recommend: 2 GB or more 500 MB min Recommend: 1 GB or more 400MB min Recommend: 2 GB or more

10. Stability well designed kernel well designed kernel structure structure security from viruses security from viruses

11. The Kernel the ♥ of the OS – it is Linux the ♥ of the OS – it is Linux developed in open source environment developed in open source environment No corporate deadlines! No corporate deadlines! based on Unix – mature, powerful based on Unix – mature, powerful from the beginning: from the beginning: – multitasking, multi-user natural environment for networking natural environment for networking controlled by Torvalds – (commonality) controlled by Torvalds – (commonality)

12. Structure and Security only the root user has universal permissions only the root user has universal permissions a virus can only infect executables that are writeable by the user activating the virus a virus can only infect executables that are writeable by the user activating the virus if a user’s program is infected, hard to propagate if a user’s program is infected, hard to propagate few users, so not targeted by virus writers. few users, so not targeted by virus writers.

13. X Window System Window Manager ↕ X Server ↕Kernel Provides Linux with a GUI -provides display support; sets resolution, refresh rate; displays/closes windows. -dresses the desktop; highly customizable

14. Compatibility with Windows and Windows Software Samba Samba Wine Wine

15. Samba Windows uses SMB protocol to manage the exchange of date among file servers and clients Windows uses SMB protocol to manage the exchange of date among file servers and clients there are differences in the Linux and Windows file systems there are differences in the Linux and Windows file systems Samba mimics the behaviour of a Windows file server by implementing SMB Samba mimics the behaviour of a Windows file server by implementing SMB thus, you can have a Linux server with Windows clients on your network thus, you can have a Linux server with Windows clients on your network

16. Wine initiative (in progress) to bring applications developed for Windows to Linux users. initiative (in progress) to bring applications developed for Windows to Linux users. Application ↔ API ↔ OS new APIs to allow interaction with Linux new APIs to allow interaction with Linux http://www.winehq.com/ http://www.winehq.com/

17. Lots of Free Stuff Free Software Foundation - http://directory.fsf.org/ Free Software Foundation - http://directory.fsf.org/ http://directory.fsf.org/ examples: examples: Emacs – text editor Emacs – text editor Xv – image editor Xv – image editor Gimp (General Image Manipulation Program) Gimp (General Image Manipulation Program) Xfig – vector based drawing utility Xfig – vector based drawing utility LaTeX – mathematical type-setting LaTeX – mathematical type-setting some MS programs based on popular Linux application some MS programs based on popular Linux application

18. User Friendliness - Positives some distributions, once installed, are easy to use some distributions, once installed, are easy to use desktop can look much like Windows desktop can look much like Windows fairly easy to navigate fairly easy to navigate large Linux community = lots of advice! large Linux community = lots of advice!

19. Desktop Screenshots

21. User Friendliness - Negatives installation can be difficult installation can be difficult difficult to configure/need to know your components difficult to configure/need to know your components can be difficult (possibly expensive) to get tech support – especially ‘formal’ tech support can be difficult (possibly expensive) to get tech support – especially ‘formal’ tech support can be buggy and unstable can be buggy and unstable

22. Popularity

23. Popularity Linux accounts for 2.8% of desktop O/S and 25% of servers* Linux accounts for 2.8% of desktop O/S and 25% of servers* Source: International Data Corporation (IDC) 2002 Source: International Data Corporation (IDC) 2002 usability of Linux for a set of specific desktop-related tasks was “nearly equal to Windows” usability of Linux for a set of specific desktop-related tasks was “nearly equal to Windows” Source: Relevantive Source: Relevantive

24. Main reasons for popularity cost cost stability (servers in particular) stability (servers in particular) no BSOD (blue screen of death!) no BSOD (blue screen of death!) ‘lack of vendor lock-in’ ‘lack of vendor lock-in’

25. Linux-Friendly Businesses France’s Department of Defense France’s Department of Defense National Security Agency (USA) National Security Agency (USA) American Express American Express Amazon.com Amazon.com Schwab.com Schwab.com (just to name a few!)

26. The Future – According to IDC IDC 2004 predictions (June 18): Linux O/S will account for 29% of units shipped into the worldwide server market in 2008, up from 12% in 2003 IDC 2004 predictions (June 18): Linux O/S will account for 29% of units shipped into the worldwide server market in 2008, up from 12% in 2003 Windows will account for 37% of 2008 server market Windows will account for 37% of 2008 server market

27. Microsoft’s Worried!

28. Popularity – Microsoft’s Worried! (now defunct) LinuxMyths page on Microsoft.com (now defunct) LinuxMyths page on Microsoft.com Get the Facts on Windows and Linux Get the Facts on Windows and Linux ‘Dump Linux’ program ‘Dump Linux’ program Microsoft honchos’ public comments Microsoft honchos’ public comments

29. COST

30. GNU the General Public License the General Public License GNU's not Unix is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software for all its users. is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software for all its users. free software refers to freedom, not price free software refers to freedom, not price you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software

31. GNU Con’t to protect your rights restrictions are put in place to ensure you are not denied of your right to free software. to protect your rights restrictions are put in place to ensure you are not denied of your right to free software. 2 steps: 2 steps: 1.Copyright the software 2. Offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute and /modify the software

32. Disadvantages technical support is hard to find technical support is hard to find hard to configure hard to configure not as user friendly as XP not as user friendly as XP

33. Advantages It’s FREE It’s FREE secure secure it’s stable (Stays running) it’s stable (Stays running) some distributions are very user friendly some distributions are very user friendly the graphical user interface is more configurable. You can choose from a number of desk top environments the graphical user interface is more configurable. You can choose from a number of desk top environments

34. References IDC: Linux to take 29% of 2008 server shipments. http://www.computerworld.com/softwaretpics/os/linux/story/0,10801,93900,00.html Mandrake Store www.mandrakesof.com Evaluating Linux: Reality vs. Hype http://www.techrepublic.com.com/5100-6261-1053944-3.html Try Out Linux http://www.tryoutlinux.com Linux.org www.linux.org The TCO Question: Can Linux beat Microsoft? http://www.searchenterpriselinux.techtarget.com/qna/0,289202,sid39_gci883142,00.html ‘Linux sales surge past competitors’. http://news.com.com/2100-1001-236732.html?legacy=cnet

35. http://www.slackware.com/ http://www.slackware.com/ http://www.slackware.com/ http://www.mandrakelinux.com/en-ca/ http://www.mandrakelinux.com/en-ca/ http://www.mandrakelinux.com/en-ca/ http://www.suse.com/us/ http://www.suse.com/us/ http://www.suse.com/us/ http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Hardware-HOWTO/ http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Hardware-HOWTO/ http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Hardware-HOWTO/ http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Plug-and-Play-HOWTO-3.html#ss3.5 http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Plug-and-Play-HOWTO-3.html#ss3.5 http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Plug-and-Play-HOWTO-3.html#ss3.5

36. References Screenshots http://tryoutlinux.com/screenshots.html

37. GET LINUX – FREE!!! Fedora Fedora http://fedora.redhat.com/download/ SUSE SUSE http://www.suse.com/us/private/download/suse_linux/ Mandrake Mandrake http://www.mandrakelinux.com/en/ftp.php3