1. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/20061 Projet QSHA –WP3 Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées 58, bd Lefebvre, 75732 Paris Cedex 15 http://www.lcpc.fr Réunion du 23/11/2006

2. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/20062 Réunion WP3 : ordre du jour 10h-12h : Méthodes et évolutions envisageables –Différences finies, Jean Virieux –Éléments finis, Evelyne Foerster –Éléments spectraux, Emmanuel Chaljub –Volumes finis, Nathalie Glinsky –Éléments de frontière (FMM), Stephanie Chaillat –Éléments discrets, Christian Mariotti –Fonctions de Green empiriques, Carine Kohrs-Sansorny –Modèles de comportement non linéaires, Fabian Bonilla 12h15-13h : Benchmark ESG + Sismovalp + Spice (+SCEC?) Emmanuel Chaljub, Seiji Tsuno et Jean-François Semblat 14h-17h : Discussion pour QSHA-WP3 : –modèles géologiques et liens avec WP1, Cécile Cornou –modèles numériques canoniques et réalistes –sensibilité aux paramètres, comparaisons repas

3. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/20063 Projet européen SPICE Seismic Wave Propagation and Imaging in Complex Media: a European Network (SPICE) one of the primary goals : Development of the earthquake motion numerical simulation methods code validation effort in Europe through a long-term web-interactive basis for possible tests/comparisons/validation of numerical methods and codes for the seismic wave propagation and earthquake motion simulation The basis will serve even after the SPICE project is completed and to anybody interested

4. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/20064 Two model sets Based on the evaluation of the SCEC code validation project and capabilities of recent numerical-modeling methods, two model sets were elaborated: Wave Propagation (WP) model set and Source Dynamics (SD) model set Both model sets are divided into three subsets Obviously, new models can/will be added in correspondence with progress in the numerical modeling methods

5. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/20065 SPICE Subset WP I Simplest canonical models designed to test accuracy of the methods/codes with respect to individual factors/features of the models: (includes SCEC_UHS1 and SCEC_UHS2) homogeneous elastic space : dispersion, local error homogeneous viscoelastic space :incorporation of attenuation 2 homogeneous halfspaces :planar interface - elastic interface - viscoelastic/pure_Q interface homogeneous halfspace : planar free surface homogeneous anisotropic el. space :anisotropy

6. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/20066 SPICE Subset WP II Canonical models combining two or more basic individual factors/features: (includes SCEC_LOH1 and SCEC_LOH3) layer over halfspace :planar interface + free surface - elastic and viscoelastic - source inside layer / halfspace gradient in velocity / Q random velocity distribution soft inclusion in a halfspace : lateral heterogeneity vertical layer in a halfspace :interface at the free surface 2 homogeneous halfspaces :non-planar interface free-surface topography :traction-free condition - Gaussian hill - cliff - slope

7. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/20067 SPICE Subset WP III Realistic models possibly with real recordings: (includes SC_2.1 and SC_2.2 ) Colfiorito, Central Italy :laterally bounded sedimentary basin (in cooperation with the INGV Rome, Italy) Grenoble, France :deep Alpine valley (in cooperation with the ESG 2006 Grenoble benchmark organizers) other site(s)

8. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/20068 Quantitative Misfit Criteria Each submitted solution can be compared with a reference solution for a given problem, and with other submitted solutions, using the quantitative misfit criteria TFEM & TFPM, TEM & TPM, FEM & FPM, and single-valued EM & PM misfit criteria were developed by Kristekova, Kristek, Moczo and Day ( Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 2006, #5 ) The criteria are based on the time-frequency representation of seismograms The time-frequency representation is obtained using the continuous wavelet transform

9. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/20069 Interactive web interface The interactive web interface http://www.nuquake.eu/SPICECVal has been developed by the SPICE team at the Comenius University in Bratislava

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18. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/200618 The SPICE Code Validation provides an unprecedented opportunity in Europe (and possibly not only in Europe) to test and compare methods and computer codes for modeling of seismic wave propagation, earthquake ground motion, and seismic exploration Participants au projet SPICE favorables à échanges avec autres projets et contributions supplémentaires à leffort de validation (cas tests, solutions de référence…)

19. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/200619 WP3 - Ground motion simulation

20. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/200620 WP3-1 Methological improvements Main goals : main features of the various methods (table) current or potential improvements range of application (frequency, heterogeneity, non linearity…) comparisons (misfit criteria) : –efficiency –accuracy –stability… very simple canonical models with well constrained features Developments of numerical tools for wave propagation

21. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/200621 Fiche descriptive / méthode Type/name of method: FVTD - Finite-Volume Method in the Time Domain Contributors (labs): N. Glinsky-Olivier (Cermics/INRIA), S. Lanteri (INRIA), M. Benjemaa (INRIA), S. Piperno (Cermics/INRIA), J. Virieux (GeoSciences Azur), Basic principle & improvements: –Principles : Finite Volumes, Unstructured grids, Centered numerical fluxes, Leap- frog time-scheme, Energy conservation, Weak treatment of boundary conditions (free surface, ABC, dynamic rupture) –Improvements : extension using Discontinuous Galerkin Finite Elements, parallel solver in development Features: –Source/propagation (S, P, S+P): S+P –Coupled methods: coupling with PML, poss. coupling with FETD & FDTD meth –1D/2D/2.5D/3D : 2D (3D parallel solver under development) –Time/frequency: time-domain –Direct/iterative: direct (explicit in time) –Elements size (fraction of ): 1/12 in FVTD (less in DGTD) –Model size (nb of ): –Free-surface topography: Yes –Heterogeneity: Yes –Anisotropy: Yes (future) –Material behav. (lin., NL, eq.lin): linear –Damping (NCQ, rheol.): none (possible) –Main references 6/7 methods !!

22. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/200622 Tableau récapitulatif méthodes GroupsFDMFEMSEMFVMBEMDEMEGF GEOAZUR LLNL LGIT L/ (NL) NL BRGM LL/EQ/ NL NL CEA ?L/NL? LCPC L/EQ/ NL L/NLLNL L=linear, EQ=equivalent linear, NL="non-linear"

23. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/200623 Simple canonical models 2D/3D, Stratification, Amortissement, Discrétisation, extension géométrique... Comportement… … finally simple structures : canyons, basins (for purpose of validation), cf Sismovalp

24. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/200624 WP3-2 Sensitivity studies (P-Y Bard) Key parameters in modelling : –intermediate canonical models (for sensitivity analyses) –influence of topography description –sensitivity to source location, source dynamics, source extension… –influence of soil non linearities in 2D and 3D –influence of the physical model (variability) on response spectra (input uncertainties vs output uncertainties) identification of the key parameters to be measured finally, empirical description of the physical effects from theoretical results (e.g. 2D/3D aggravation factor...)

25. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/200625 WP3-2 Sensitivity studies (P-Y Bard) (Nearly) realistic models : Nice (WP1 : test de rugosité dinterface…) Grenoble Algiers Naples… …cf WP3-3 & WP3-4

26. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/200626 WP3-3-WP3-4 Benchmarking (E.Chajlub/E.Foerster) Validation of developed codes based on international benchmark but not tied to ESG2006 with two geometries (Basins and margins) Fully realistic models...

27. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/200627 WP3-5 Statistical comparison (Hideo Aochi) Variability of simulations using intensive simulations...

28. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/200628 WP 3-6 Lessons (J.Virieux) ????

29. QSHA-WP3, Réunion du 23/11/200629 WP 3-X... 2006-12006-22007-12007-22008-12008-2 Who What Deli. Who What Deli. Who What Deli. Who What Deli. Who What Deli. Who What Deli. Planning et échéancier ! Prochaine réunion ?