1. 1 Effects of an In-Vehicle Collision Avoidance Warning System on Short and Long-Term Driving Performance Presented by: Josh Essner & Scott Lubensky

2. 2 PURPOSEPURPOSE v Study the effects of an imperfect in-vehicle collision avoidance warning system (IVCAWS) both on driver headway maintenance and on driver behavior in response to warning system errors v Four hypothesis v Drivers have poor sense of safe headway and tend to drive too close v IVCAWS will help driver maintain proper headway v This learning process will be retained long after v The more reliable the system, the better the driver’s performance

3. 3 PREVIOUS RESEARCHPREVIOUS RESEARCH v 30% of all car crashes on public roads were rear end collisions v Study shows that people tend to overestimate headway regardless of number of years of driving experience v Believe sudden braking on highway won’t happen v Believe if they match speed they won’t collide v Reinforcement from past experience v “looking but not seeing”

4. 4 WHY IMPORTANTWHY IMPORTANT v Two human factors issues v Interface to use in relaying information from automatic system to driver v Auditory tone found to be most effective v How to analyze interaction between system and driver when both are capable of error v Combination of both system performance and driver’s subsequent behavior

5. 5 CONTRIBUTIONCONTRIBUTION v Help in training new drivers correct headway distance v Allow for a means of alerting drivers to situations they may not be aware of

6. 6 METHODMETHOD v 30 participants – 15 male, 15 female v 5 or more years of driving experience v Grouped into 3 experimental groups based on reliability of system v 1997 Hyundai Accent with laser based headway detection device v 4 trials for each participant

7. 7 ANALYSISANALYSIS v Two way ANOVA between trial number and temporal headway category v Significant with p < 0.0001 v Individual ANOVA tests between first trial and remaining 3 v All significant with p < 0.0001 v No significant effect of reliability of system or driver speed on headway maintenance

8. 8 RESULTSRESULTS

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10. 10 RESULTSRESULTS

11. 11 RESULTSRESULTS

12. 12 CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS v Drivers are generally poor at estimating temporal headway v Can be improved with use of IVCAWS v IVCAWS taught drivers to correctly assess temporal headway both immediately after use and six months later v Reliability of system had no effect on usefulness

13. 13 FURTHER WORKFURTHER WORK v Effects of IVCAWS on habitual behavior v People choose on own free will to adjust their own headways v Sensor on rear of car to help communication between drivers v Intelligent cruise control

14. 14 QUESTIONSQUESTIONS v Do you think that this system will help habitual driving habits?