1. Archaic Greece Minoan civilization on Crete Minoan civilization on Crete –Palace economy (redistributive) –Linear A writing –Social structure unclear Mycenaean civilization on mainland Greece Mycenaean civilization on mainland Greece

2. The Lost Civilizations of Greece Minoan (ca. 2200–1400 B.C.) Palace of Knossos, matriarchy? Mycenae (ca. 1600–1100 B.C.) Lightweight chariots The Greek Dark Ages (ca. 1100–750 B.C.) The Iron Age (ca. 900–800 B.C.) Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey Chiefs, raiders, slaves

4. The Palace at Knossos

5. Minoan Religion Female deities: Potnia Theron (Mistress of the Animals) Female deities: Potnia Theron (Mistress of the Animals) Important symbols: snakes (underworld), bulls (power), the double headed axe (labris) Important symbols: snakes (underworld), bulls (power), the double headed axe (labris)

6. Minoan Society No good evidence for how society or government operated. No good evidence for how society or government operated. Male and female shared some sports and activities. Male and female shared some sports and activities. Not a warlike society Not a warlike society Linear A (Minoan) Linear A (Minoan)

7. Fresco at Knossos

8. The Lost Civilizations of Greece Minoan (ca. 2200–1400 B.C.) Palace of Knossos, matriarchy? Mycenae (ca. 1600–1100 B.C.) Lightweight chariots The Greek Dark Ages (ca. 1100–750 B.C.) The Iron Age (ca. 900–800 B.C.) Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey Chiefs, raiders, slaves

9. Mycenaean Society (1600 – 1100 BC) Palace economies prevalent Palace economies prevalent More warlike and aggressive More warlike and aggressive Linear B tablets: Greek language but not Greek letters Linear B tablets: Greek language but not Greek letters Widespread trading network Widespread trading network Destroyed in the invasions of the Sea Peoples c. 1200 to 1100 BC Destroyed in the invasions of the Sea Peoples c. 1200 to 1100 BC

10. Mycenae Left: Lion’s Gate at Mycenae Right: Death Mask of Agamemnon? (found by Heinrich Schliemann)

11. Hut of a chief during the Greek Dark Ages

12. Archaic Greece (700-500 B.C.) Reappearance of trade and written language (825- 800 B.C.) The Rise of the polis (plural: poleis) Panhellenism and athletic competitions (Olympia, 776 B.C.) Emigration and colonization Aristocrats and sharecroppers

13. Vase painting of the games at Olympia