1. Design Process
…and the project

2. Agenda
Design process
Video inspiration
Project details

3. Design
How do we come up with new (good) designs for interactive systems?
Why is it so difficult?

4. What is design? achieving goals within constraints goals - purpose
who is it for, why do they want it
constraints
materials, platforms
trade-offs

5. Interactions and Interventions
design interactions not just interfaces
not just the immediate interaction
e.g. stapler in office – technology changes interaction style
designing interventions not just artefacts
not just the system, but also …
documentation, manuals, tutorials
what we say and do as well as what we make

6. The Tao of UCD
DESIGN
IMPLEMENT
USE &
EVALUATE

7. User-Centered Design Process
1. Understand constraints/context
2. User analysis
2. Task analysis
4. Function allocation
5. Define usability criteria
All of the above included in requirements definition and task analysis.

8. User-Centered Design (cont’d)
6. Design UI - including help and documentation
Consider alternatives!
Apply formative evaluation techniques & iterate
7. Build & test prototypes
Apply formative / summative evaluation techniques & iterate
8. Build & test the real application
Apply summative evaluation techniques & iterate
9. Release, update and maintain

9. Basic HCI process of design
scenarios task analysis
what is wanted
guidelines
principles
analysis
interviews
ethnography
what is there
vs.
what is wanted
precise specification
design
dialogue notations
implement
and deploy
evaluation
heuristics
prototype
architectures
documentation
help

10. Discussion
How would you incorporate HCI design into larger software engineering design frameworks?

11. Traditional ‘waterfall’ lifecycle
Requirements analysis
Design
Code
Test
Maintenance

12. Spiral Lifecycle model
From cctr.umkc.edu/~kennethjuwng/spiral.htm

13. Why is HCI Design Difficult?
Difficult to deeply analyze human behavior
May be too close to the domain
Cost/features may be considered over good human factors
Creativity is challenging!

14. How to be creative?
How do we create and develop new interface ideas and designs?
Ideas come from
Imagination
Analogy
Observation of current practice
Observation of current systems
Borrow from other fields
Animation
Theatre
Information displays
Architecture
..… metaphor

15. An inspirational video

16. Project Structure Group project – 5 people Worth 50% of grade
Design and evaluate an interface
1 - Understand the problem, users, tasks, environment (15%)
2 – Design and prototype (20%)
3 – Evaluation (15%)

17. Project Groups 5 people Form by next Tuesday – cool name
You decide
Diverse is best!
Consider schedules, habits, etc.
Form by next Tuesday – cool name
Choose topic by Jan. 24 (earlier if possible)

18. Previous Projects Suggested Project Theme:
System for organizing and showcasing art
Friend Finder on a cell phone
System for assisting anesthesiologists
Money tracker in your wallet
Mobile photo album
Chef’s display in a kitchen
Suggested Project Theme:
Design a service to promote, encourage or support sustainability of the environment.

19. Coming up with project ideas
Think of someone else
Avoid being biased by your intuitions
Think off the desktop too!
Mobile, handheld, environmental
Think everyday
Think about people first, then technology

20. Project Topics Real “client” Domain family and friends?
Organization you belong to, volunteer with?
Hobbies or other activities?
Domain
Office, home, school

21. Programming requirements
Leverage team expertise
Full functionality is NOT intention
But good evaluation requires authentic experience

22. Project Details Part 0 – Team and topic formation – Due Jan. 24
Create team page on Swiki
Choose a project topic
Part 1 - Understanding the problem – Due Feb. 12
Describe tasks, users, environment, social context
Any existing systems in place
Helps form basis for your requirements
“Describe the problem, not the solution”

23. Project Details Part 2a - Design Alternatives poster – Due March 11
Storyboards, mock-ups for multiple different designs
Get feedback on ideas during poster session
Part 2b – System Design and Evaluation Plan – Due April 3
Description of the system requirements and design
Rationale for design decisions
Plan for conducting evaluation
Part 2c – System Prototype – Due April 3
Prototype that implements all or part of the design
Allows for interactive experience

24. Project Details Part 3 – Evaluation – Due April 24
Conduct evaluation with example users
Characterize pros and cons of the UI
Discuss what you would do to fix problems
Part 3b – Presentation – April 24 & 29
In class presentation of the entire project, 15 minutes

25. Your turn Pair or triple up…
Brainstorm ideas/problems/applications with public transit
Choose a couple and elaborate
Pause to share ideas with everyone…