1. 1 Diabetes

2. 2 Human Digestive System

3. 3 Normal Regulation of Blood Glucose http://www.endocrineweb.com/images/sugar.gif

4. 4 Pancreas: 2 Organs in 1 90% Exocrine 10% Endocrine

5. 5 Endocrine pancreas releases hormones to control blood sugar

6. 6 Glucose > Insulin Release http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Glucose-insulin-release.png

7. 7 Insulin Action

8. 8 Hormones Help Insulin Nature 452, 941-942(24 April 2008)

9. 9 Hemoglobin A1c best indicator of control over the preceding 4-6 weeks formed when a glucose molecule becomes permanently bound to a hemoglobin molecule amount formed depends on the average level of blood glucose the hemoglobin is exposed to life span of a red blood cell in the blood stream = 120 days

10. 10 Pathogenesis of Type 1

11. 11 Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1990, 1998, 2007 (*BMI 30, or about 30 lbs. overweight for 5’4” person) 1998 2007 1990 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% 25%–29% ≥30%

12. 12 Metabolic management of type 2 diabetes D IABETES C ARE, VOLUME 31, NUMBER 1, J ANUARY 2008