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Congestion Reduction Using Intelligent Transportation Systems Ben Sperry University of Evansville University of Evansville MESCON March 25, 2006
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MESCON2 What is Congestion? Point where vehicle flow exceeds roadway capacity Recurring-”Bottlenecks” Intersection of major highways Decrease in lanes Non-recurring Accidents Construction zones Sporting events/concerts Bad weather
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March 25, 2006MESCON3 Sources of Congestion Source: Cambridge Systematics
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March 25, 2006MESCON4 Costs of Congestion Roadway Congestion Indicator19822003 Travel Time Index1.121.37 Vehicle Delay (Billion Hours)0.73.7 Wasted Fuel (Billion Gallons)0.42.3 Cost of Delay (Billion $)12.563.1 Source: Texas Transportation Institute
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March 25, 2006MESCON5 Congestion and Emissions Source: OSCAR End User Workshop
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March 25, 2006MESCON6 Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) Integrate current technologies to help solve surface transportation problems. Components called Architecture Controlled by Transportation Management Center
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March 25, 2006MESCON7 Freeway Management Systems Traffic Surveillance Ramp Metering Lane Management Incident Management Information Dissemination
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March 25, 2006MESCON8 Traffic Surveillance Monitors traffic conditions on freeway Uses cameras or imbedded sensors Also tracks weather, emergency vehicles Monitor emissions Benefits: Houston-over 21,000 annual delay hours saved Would have been mitigated with 150 additional miles of lane Increase vehicle throughput 12-20 percent B/C ratios between 10:1-12:1
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March 25, 2006MESCON9 Ramp Metering Controls flow of traffic onto freeway by a gate Can be fixed or adjusted as conditions warrant Benefits (Minneapolis-St. Paul): 25,000 annual hours of travel time 2.6 million hours of delay saved Annual emission reduction of 1160 tons B/C ratio of 15:1 Ramp Meter Source: Washington State DOT
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March 25, 2006MESCON10 Lane Management Use extra lanes on freeway. Bidirectional Emergency clearing/storing HOV/Transit Vehicles Traffic diversion Source: FHWA
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March 25, 2006MESCON11 Incident Management Reduces the time that accident blocks roadway Coordinates emergency response to accidents Incident Response Vehicle Benefits (emissions reduced in San Francisco): 77 Tons of CO 10 Tons of NOx 7.6 Tons of hydrocarbons Source: AASHTO
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March 25, 2006MESCON12 Information Dissemination Pre-Trip: Internet, television, “511” info line, radio Modal choice Route selection Travel times En-Route: Real time information Accidents Changing roadway conditions Source: North Dakota DOT
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March 25, 2006MESCON13 ITS Deployment Currently deployed in over 2400 jurisdictional areas 50% of freeway miles are monitored 57% of freeways covered by incident management 48% of freeways have information disseminated
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March 25, 2006MESCON14 SAFETEA-LU Signed into law August 10, 2005 Legislative Provisions: Expanded Transportation Monitoring HOV Lane Guidelines Funding Allocations $550 Million for ITS Research $8.5 Billion for CMAQ Program Source: US House of Representatives
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