1. ICT ONERA, Toulouse, France, 6. November 2007 Spectral Efficient COMmunications for future Aeronautical Services Jan Erik Håkegård jan.e.hakegard@sintef.no

2. ICT ONERA, Toulouse, France, 6. November 2007 2 Outline Background ATM/aeronautical communications Why did we propose a project on ATM/aeronautical communications? The SECOMAS project Partners Objectives Activities

3. ICT ONERA, Toulouse, France, 6. November 2007 3 Increase by factor 2.4 Today’s Air Traffic Management (ATM) systems are not capable to support this increase Why are new ATM systems necessary? Traffic in 2005 9.2 million flights per year Peak day 30 000 flights by commercial airlines 200 000 flights by general aviation aircraft Numerous military aircraft Estimated traffic in 2025 22 million flights per year Peak day 72 000 flights by commercial airlines 480 000 flights by general aviation aircraft Numerous military aircraft Source: Expectations of SESAR, Bernard Miaillier, D1 Forum

4. ICT ONERA, Toulouse, France, 6. November 2007 4 What is the impact on the communication systems? Bandwidth congestion Primarily in the VHF band High density airspace (e.g. Continental Europe) Solutions: Increase spectrum efficiency in the VHF band (8.33 kHz channels) Migrate from voice communication to data communication (VDL 2/3/4) Open new frequency bands for aeronautical communication (WRC-07) VHF band: 108-118 MHz (no system proposed) L-band: Portions within the 960-1164 MHz (L-DACS1/2/(3)) C-band: Portions within the 5000-5150 MHz (IEEE802.16aero) Develop a satellite component for ATM ARTES-10

5. ICT ONERA, Toulouse, France, 6. November 2007 5 L-band Digital Aeronautical Communication System (L-DACS) Future Communication Study (Eurocontrol/FAA) Two alternative solutions LDACS-1 and LDACS-2 Conclusions presented to ICAO in October 2007 Decision on one system to be taken in 2009 Deployment in 2020 OptionsAccess Scheme Modulation Type Origins L-DACS 1FDDOFDMB-AMC, P34 L-DACS 2TDDCPFSK/GMSKLDL, AMACS

6. ICT ONERA, Toulouse, France, 6. November 2007 6 C-band Airport communications Develop an aeronautical Mobile WiMAX standard (IEEE802.16aero) Identify the portions of the IEEE 802.16e standard best suited Identify and develop missing required functionalities Evaluate and validate the performance through trials and test bed development Propose an aviation specific standard

7. ICT ONERA, Toulouse, France, 6. November 2007 7 Satellite component Two ARTES-10 (ESA) studies (K.O. Dec 2007) Communication System Design Analysis and Definition of Satellite System Objectives Preparation work to support the SESAR Master Plan Must be coherent in time and content with the SESAR program Support frequency allocations Consider non-technical issues from the start Define ancillary payload

8. ICT ONERA, Toulouse, France, 6. November 2007 8 Issues regarding satellite coverage in northern regions Large 6 x land area Mainly inhabited A few islands Economically important Oil and gas Fish Shipping Strategically important Satellite coverage important “The High North will be Norway’s most important strategic priority area in the years ahead. “ -Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs

9. ICT ONERA, Toulouse, France, 6. November 2007 9 Coverage GEO satellites

10. ICT ONERA, Toulouse, France, 6. November 2007 10 Highly elliptical orbits (HEO) Molniya and Tundra

11. ICT ONERA, Toulouse, France, 6. November 2007 11 SECOMAS project Knowledge-building project 2007-2010 Working partners: SINTEF NTNU (The University in Trondheim) Financial partners: Norwegian Research Council Avinor (The Norwegian ANSP) Jotron Kongsberg Defence Communications Park Air Systems Thales Norway

12. ICT ONERA, Toulouse, France, 6. November 2007 12 SECOMAS objective Explore spectrum efficient wireless communications Meeting req. of future aeronautical comm. services at large Including: Links: Air-ground, air-air, satellite Services: ATS, AOC/AAC, APS

13. ICT ONERA, Toulouse, France, 6. November 2007 13 SECOMAS activities Theoretical path (NTNU) MIMO, ST-coding Link adaptation Cooperative and opportunistic transmission Advanced channel coding Multi-carrier transmission (e.g. OFDM) Networking concepts Cross-layer design Industrial path (SINTEF) Airport (IEEE802.16e) Analytical approach Simulations (Validation through measurements) Satellite component ARTES-10 Northern area coverage Heterogeneous networks Distribute traffic among various network options, respecting the services’ QoS requirements

14. ICT ONERA, Toulouse, France, 6. November 2007 14 SECOMAS impact Play a role in the development of future aeronautical communications Get involved in international activities (SESAR, EC FP7, ARTES-10) Academic results Ph.D. student, scientific publications Lead to development projects in cooperation with industry

15. ICT ONERA, Toulouse, France, 6. November 2007 15 Thank you for your attention !