1. Community-based Learning for Application Software by Using History of Function Execution Ken-ichi Matsumoto, Shuuji Morisaki and Koji Torii Nara Institute of Science and Technology

2. Empirical Data We Are Storing History of function execution on application software. Microsoft Word 2000 shuuji-m 2:34 22/8 2000 JST 2000 8/22 2:35 File->Open 2000 8/22 2:36 Tools->Word Count… 2000 8/22 2:36 File->Preview 2000 8/22 2:36 Formatting->Italic.... 2000 8/22 2:40 File->Exit 2:40 22/8 2000 JST Time sequence of user operations corresponding to selection of menu item or short-cut button as function execution.

3. Why We Store HFEAS Many of the latest application software provide users with a large number of functions. It is believed that most of users usually use only 10% of the full set of functions provided by application software. HFEAS can be used to describe the usage process of application software and to improve both the usage process and application software itself. Number of Functions Word2000PowerPoint2000Photoshop5.0Illustrator8.0 Provided 500420350320 Used 50 ???42 ???35 ???32 ???

4. CLAS:Community-based Learning for Application Software An approach to let community members learn useful functions at low cost. Community members mutually compare their own histories of function executions in order to identify a set of candidate functions that should be learned. For example, the function that member A has not used, but that the other members B and C have used, is the leading candidate of a function that member A should learn. Functions used by A Functions used by B Functions used by C Candidates to be learned for A

5. Experimental Result # of community members is 10. Histories of function executions had been collected during 3 months. Number of Functions Word2000PowerPoint2000 Provided 500420 Used by community 130123 Used by 1 member (average) 5967 Found by CLAS (average) 2919 Member judged to be potentially useful. (average) 106

6. Collaboration Installation CD-ROMs are ready for our collaboration. –CD-ROM includes CLAS Client for MS Office2000 and its installer. –CLAS Client sends your history of function executions to the CLAS server at NAIST via the internet using HTTP(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol). –We can share the collected history and its analysis result stored at the CLAS server. You can easily find useful but unknown functions of MS Word, PowerPoint, Excel,... If you could apply the CLAS to your classroom,... If you could compare history of function executions between novice and expert,...

7. CLAS Server and Client Community member operation CLAS Server sharing CLAS client Target Software

8. Table of execution frequency of each function To find function that a member has not used, but that most of the other members have used.

9. Table of execution frequency of subsequences To clarify the usage context of the specific function. Key Word In Context (KWIC) format.