1. Queueing Network Model

2. Single Class Model Open - Infinite stream of arriving customers Closed - Finite population eg Intranet users Indistinguishable customers Queuing Service Center –Users compete for service

3. Single Class Model (cont.) Delay Service Center –Each customer allocated its own server –No competition for service –e.g. data transmission over a dedicated transmission line

4. Single Class Model Inputs Customer Description –Workload Intensity –  the arrival Rate Average number of requests in the system Average number and think time Service Center Description –Number of service centers i Queueing or delay Service Demands –D i = V i times S i for service center i

5. Single Class Model Outputs System Measures –R Average system response time –X system throughput –Q average number in the system Service Center Measures –U i Utilization of resource i –R i Average residence time at resource i –X i Throughput of the resource i –Q i Average queue length at resource i

6. Multiple Class Models Multiple customer classes Each class has its own intensity Each class has its own service demands Open model - all classes are open Closed model - all classes are closed Mixed - both open and closed classes Input and output measure are aggregate and per class

7. Simple Server Models Infinite Population/Infinite Queue –Variable Service Rate Infinite Population/Finite Queue –Variable Service Rate Finite Population –Fixed Service Rate –Variable Service Rate

8. Queueing Notations Six Queueing Parameters –Arrival Process Poisson arrivals, interarrival times are exponentially distributed M, most commonly used Other distributions e.g. – Erlang E k –hyperexponential H k –Deterministic D –General G

9. Queueing Notations Six Queueing Parameters –Service Time Distribution Time spent using the resource Commonly assumed random variables Most common distribution exponential –Number of Servers number of processors in the system number of I/O channels

10. Queueing Notations Six Queueing Parameters –System Capacity Those waiting for service and those receiving Finite If too large then consider it infinite –Population Size Total number of potential users Finite If too large then consider it infinite

11. Queueing Notations Six Queueing Parameters –Service Discipline Order of arrival First Come, First Served (FCFS) Last Come, First Served (LCFS) Round Robin (RR) Shortest Processing Time (SPT) Shortest Remaining Processing Time (SRPT) Biggest In, First Served (BIFS)

12. Queueing Notations Kendall Notation A/S/m/B/K/SD –IID/Service Time distribution/Number of servers/System capacity/Population size/ Service Discipline –M/M/1 IID exponential/Service times exponential/one server/infinite service capacity/infinite population/FCFS