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Stress and Coping Individual variability in the stress response –Amount of NE, E, CORT released –Level of CBG –# of receptors –Developmental effects on HPA axis –Perception
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Developmental Effects (1) 1. In Humans (college students!) a. Score for level of maternal care received when young b. Separate out low and high maternal care receivers 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Count -4-3-20123 Level of Maternal Care Received as a child Histogram c. Test performance in a stressful arithmetic test Cortisol Response to stressful math test low maternal carehigh maternal care 0 10 20 30 40 50 cortisol
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Low maternal care High maternal care From hippocampus cortisol ACTH CRH hypothalamus pituitary adrenals STRESS AXIS Developmental Effects (2): study in rats
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Developmental Effects (3): long-term consequences Cold Pressor Test (in children) minutes cortisol Normal response Hyper-responsive Developed heart disease as an adult? 70 % 20%
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Stress and Coping Individual variability in the stress response –Amount of NE, E, CORT released –Level of CBG –# of receptors –Developmental effects on HPA axis Early experience alters HPA axis function Change in HPA axis can have long term consequences (stress-related disease) –Perception Psychological variables
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Psychological Variables Control Predictability Outlet for frustration The role of personality and temperament
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Alleviating Chronic Stress Be physically active Social support Take care of your body Relax Take deep breaths (parasympathetic) Emotional outlet
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