1. Environmental Issues and Public Policy Zoology 446 – Fall 2001 Dr. R. Jan Stevenson Pick up Course Description/Syllabus On Desk in Front

2. Course Purpose and Structure Familiarize you with the complexity of addressing environmental issues Lecture/Discussions by leading Environmental Experts representing a broad range of disciplines Required Readings (Budget Printing – Trowbridge) Quizzes & Group Project

3. Schedule

5. Grade Calculation 20% - Attendance and Class Participation 30% - Three Quizzes 20% - Group Project Paper 30% - Group Project Presentation to Board –group project evaluations are based on collective and individual performance

6. Group Project: develop a management plan to solve an environmental problem.

7. Issues Urban Sprawl Population Forest Fires Water Quality Deforestation Hazardous Waste Desertification Biodiversity Hab Fragmentation Extinction Global Warming Nutrient enrichment of soils Depletion of NR Oil Spills Erosion Eutrophication Ignorance Pesticides Air quality Land Use Acid Rain

8. Frameworks (Models) Repertoire of Factors to Consider Organize and Relate the Factors Not mutually exclusive –Risk Assessment/Risk Management Framework –Economics, Law, and Ecology Framework

9. Stressor-Response Assessment Response Assessment Exposure Assessment Risk Characterization Risk Management Decision Management Options Politics Legal Considerations Social Factors Public Health Economics Risk AssessmentRisk Management Modified from EPA 1996

10. Risk Assessment Mod. From EPA 1996 Stressor-Response Relationship Response Assessment Exposure Assessment Risk Characterization Quality of Life Human Health Ecological Health Stressors Physico-chemical Measurements Biotic Indices Human Activities (GIS & Modeling) Diagnosis, Certainty Multiple Lines of Evidence Indices of Sustainability and Restorability Observational Approaches Experimental Approaches

11. Management Goals Human Welfare (Quality of Life) Economic Sustainability Environmental Sustainability Human Health Ecological Health

12. EPA’s Ten Goals (2001) 1.Clean Air 2.Clean and Safe Water 3.Safe Food 4.Safe Communities 5.Waste Management and Restoration 6.Reduction in Global Risks 7.Quality Environmental Information 8.Sound Science, Improved Understanding, and Greater Innovation 9.A Credible Deterrent to Pollution and Greater Compliance with the Law 10. Effective Management

13. Sustainability Preserving natural capital and economic infrastructure for the quality of life of future generations

14. Risk Assessment Mod. From EPA 1996 Stressor-Response Relationship Response Assessment Exposure Assessment Risk Characterization Quality of Life Human Health Ecological Health Stressors Physico-chemical Measurements Biotic Indices Human Activities (GIS & Modeling) Diagnosis, Certainty Multiple Lines of Evidence Indices of Sustainability and Restorability Observational Approaches Experimental Approaches

15. Response Assessment (Is there a problem?) Human Health –Morbidity –Developmental Impairment –Mortality Human Health Factors –Genetic Susceptibility –Environmental Justice Ecological Health –Biodiversity –Ecological Integrity –Designated Uses Fishable, Swimable…. –Aesthetics –Ecosystem Services

16. Risk Assessment Mod. From EPA 1996 Stressor-Response Relationship Response Assessment Exposure Assessment Risk Characterization Stressors Physico-chemical Measurements Biotic Indices Human Activities (GIS & Modeling) Diagnosis, Certainty Multiple Lines of Evidence Indices of Sustainability and Restorability Observational Approaches Experimental Approaches Quality of Life Human Health Ecological Health

17. Risk Assessment Mod. From EPA 1996 Stressor-Response Relationship Response Assessment Exposure Assessment Risk Characterization Stressors Physico-chemical Measurements Biotic Indices Human Activities (GIS & Modeling) Diagnosis, Certainty Multiple Lines of Evidence Indices of Sustainability and Restorability Observational Approaches Experimental Approaches Quality of Life Human Health Ecological Health

18. Stressor Level Human Health or Ecological Response ok Acceptable Natural Stressor-Response Relationship CleanPolluted

19. Risk Assessment Mod. From EPA 1996 Stressor-Response Relationship Response Assessment Exposure Assessment Risk Characterization Stressors Physico-chemical Measurements Biotic Indices Human Activities (GIS & Modeling) Diagnosis, Certainty Multiple Lines of Evidence Indices of Sustainability and Restorability Observational Approaches Experimental Approaches Quality of Life Human Health Ecological Health

20. Risk Assessment Mod. From EPA 1996 Stressor-Response Relationship Response Assessment Exposure Assessment Risk Characterization Stressors Physico-chemical Measurements Biotic Indices Human Activities (GIS & Modeling) Diagnosis, Certainty Multiple Lines of Evidence Indices of Sustainability and Restorability Observational Approaches Experimental Approaches Quality of Life Human Health Ecological Health

21. Stressor Level Ecological Response (e.g. Eco-Integrity) ok Acceptable Natural Stressor-Response Relationship AB

22. Risk Assessment Mod. From EPA 1996 Stressor-Response Relationship Response Assessment Exposure Assessment Risk Characterization Stressors Physico-chemical Measurements Biotic Indices Human Activities (GIS & Modeling) Diagnosis, Certainty Multiple Lines of Evidence Indices of Sustainability and Restorability Observational Approaches Experimental Approaches Quality of Life Human Health Ecological Health

23. Stressor-Response Assessment Response Assessment Exposure Assessment Risk Characterization Risk Management Decision Management Options Politics Legal Considerations Social Factors Public Health Economics Risk AssessmentRisk Management Modified from EPA 1996 Multiple Lines of Evidence

24. Stressor-Response Assessment Response Assessment Exposure Assessment Risk Characterization Risk Management Decision Management Options Politics Legal Considerations Social Factors Public Health Economics Risk AssessmentRisk Management Modified from EPA 1996

25. Management Options Pollution Prevention Waste Treatment Best Management Practices Land Use Planning Education

26. Social Factors Environmental Justice –Race x Economic Status Culture & Historical Factors –Agriculture & Family Farms –Indigenous People Distrust of Government

27. Legal Considerations Legislation –Clean Water Act, Clean Air Act –National Environmental Protection Act –Etc. (www.ag.mich.gov) Court Interpretations –Navigable waters Agency Interpretations –E.g. Ecological integrity Property Rights

28. Economics Ecosystem Services & Value of Health Cost benefit analyses Consumer “Green” Power Selling rations/allowances for CO 2 or water, etc. Ecosystem Stability and Recovery versus Economic Stability and Recovery Ecotourism International Trade and Equal Protection

29. Politics Budget for Enforcement Selection of Members for Commissions Urban sprawl, planning & zoning Campaign Finance Well-written laws

30. Ecological and Human Health Risk Assessment & Management Modified from EPA 1996 Response-Stressor Relationship Response Assessment Exposure Assessment Risk Characterization Risk Management Decision Management Options Politics Legal Considerations Social Factors Public Health Economics

31. Management Goals Human Welfare (Quality of Life) Economic Sustainability Environmental Sustainability Human Health Ecological Health

32. Schedule