1. Information Networking Security and Assurance Lab National Chung Cheng University 1 Host-Based Intrusion Detection software TRIPWIRE & MD5

2. Information Networking Security and Assurance Lab National Chung Cheng University 2 Description The first objective of an attacker is to obtain access to your system. The second objective is to retain that access, even if you close the hole she entered. To accomplish this, an attacker will often install a RootKit Tripwire creates a database of advanced mathematical checksums (MD5) to take a snapshot of a system’s file properties and contents.

3. Information Networking Security and Assurance Lab National Chung Cheng University 3 Purpose To introduce you to the installation, configuration, and use of Tripwire as a host- based intrusion detection system

4. Information Networking Security and Assurance Lab National Chung Cheng University 4 Principle and Pre-Study What is RootKit? How do you know if you can trust the information your system is giving you? a collection of modified System Binaries that are designed to hide the attacker’s activities on your system.

5. Information Networking Security and Assurance Lab National Chung Cheng University 5 Required Facilities Hardware:  PC or Workstation with UNIX-based OS Software  Tripwire 2.3.1

6. Information Networking Security and Assurance Lab National Chung Cheng University 6 Step (I): Install on FreeBSD FreeBSD Make with FreeBSD port tree Accept the license agreement The information of install configuration Enter the site keyfile passphrase The site keyfile passphrase will need when initial or modify the configuration file or the policy file Enter the local key file passphrase The local keyfile passphrase will need when initial or modify the tripwire database file. The local key may also be used for signing integrity check reports Enter the site passphrase Sign the Tripwire configuration file Enter the site passphrase Sign the Tripwire policy file Enter the local passphrase Generating the database by the policy file Wait a while for creating the database Install complete

7. Information Networking Security and Assurance Lab National Chung Cheng University 7 Step (II): Test Tripwire Add a user name is jared who have root access right compare the file system and the tripwire database The output after check the file system Tripwire detect that the file have been modified

8. Information Networking Security and Assurance Lab National Chung Cheng University 8 Step (III): Scheduling function Using “crontab” to run Tripwire check every day as 1 a.m. and the output will be mailed to root at same time. Edit /etc/crontab with root and restart /usr/sbin/cron

9. Information Networking Security and Assurance Lab National Chung Cheng University 9 The tripwire configure file The tripwire policy file

10. Information Networking Security and Assurance Lab National Chung Cheng University 10 Summary Using a database of calculate checksums, tripwire is capable of detecting when a critical system file is changed. The database made by tripwire should be secured in such a way that an attacker can not alter it.

11. Information Networking Security and Assurance Lab National Chung Cheng University 11 Reference http://www.tripwire.org RFC 1321 - The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm Man page of tripwire

12. Information Networking Security and Assurance Lab National Chung Cheng University 12 Appendix – install on Linux Select the tripwire rpm for each linux distribution and install it. rpm –I tripwire-[version].i386.rpm After complete the installation, create the site keyfile password and the local keyfile password sh /etc/tripwire/twinstall.sh

13. Information Networking Security and Assurance Lab National Chung Cheng University 13 Sign the Tripwire configuration file Sign the Tripwire policy file Install the default policy /usr/sbin/twadmin –m P /etc/tripwire/twpol.txt Generate the initial checksum database /usr/sbin/tripwire –m I Edit the default site policy file vi /etc/tripwire/twpol.txt

14. Information Networking Security and Assurance Lab National Chung Cheng University 14