1. The Internet Real-Time Laboratory Henning Schulzrinne CS Seminar September 10, 2001

2. Laboratory overview 12 PhDs 4 at IBM, Juniper, Lucent, Telcordia 5 MS 5 visitors (Ericsson, Fujitsu, Mitsubishi, Nokia, U. Coimbra) China, Finland, Greece, India, Japan, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, US, Taiwan

3. IRT topics Internet multimedia protocols and systems Internet telephony and radio (J. Lennox, X. Wu, K. Singh, K. Arabshian, W. Jiang, J. Rosenberg, A. Dutta) Content distribution networks (L. Amini, Y. Nomura) Internet event distribution (P. Koskelainen) Wireless ad-hoc networks (M. Papadopouli, S. Sidiroglou)

4. IRT topics Service discovery (W. Zhao) Quality of service Pricing for adaptive services (X. Wang) Scalable resource reservation protocols (P. Pan) Fair multicast resource allocation (P. Mendes)

5. Internet multimedia Internet telephony = replacing the existing circuit-switched system with Internet-based systems Signaling = setting up calls Quality of service Subjective evaluation of speech codecs, when subjected to packet loss Forward error correction at packet level

6. CINEMA Web interface Administration User configuration Unified Messaging Notify by email rtsp or http Portal Mode 3 rd party IpTelSP

7. CINEMA architecture SIP/RTSP Unified messaging RTSP media server Quicktime SIP proxy, redirect server SQL database SIPH.323 convertor NetMeeting H.323 SIP conference server T1/E1 RTP/SIP Telephone switch Web server Software SIP user agent SNMP

8. PSTN interworking Nortel PBX PSTN External T1/CAS Regular phone (internal) Call 9397134 1 SIP server sipd Ethernet 3 SQL database 4 7134 => bob sipc 5 Bob’s phone Gateway Internal T1/CAS (Ext:7130-7139) Call 7134 2 5551212

9. Languages for service creation Traditionally, telecom services created by switch vendors Web model: allow users and organizations to create custom services Two models: sip-cgi and CPL Sip-cgi: cgi scripts for call handling logic

10. Call Processing Language XML-based language

11. Mobile ad-hoc networks: 7DS Wireless infrastructure slow to emerge (Metricom, 3G $$$) 802.11b cheap and simple to deploy Mobile devices spread data in densely populated areas (e.g., NYC)

12. 7DS Content-independent: works for any web object Uses standard caching mechanism After 25’, 90% of interested users have data (25 hosts/ ) Also, data upload:

13. 7DS research issues Effects of power conservation, collaboration mechanism, wireless coverage range, density of devices on information dissemination e.g., how fast does information spread in such setting ? what is the average delay that a host experience until it gets the data ? Performance analysis via simulations and diffusion controlled processes theory

14. Mobility for Internet radio S1S2p1p2 BS0 BS1 Backbone Ad server Local Server m1 m2 Local Program RTSP Ad server Local Server m1 m2 Local Program RTSP BS2 M-Proxy (P1,a1) (P2,a2) P2,a2 P2,a3 S0 S1 (a1,a2) (a3)

15. Fairness for multicast Intolerant (loss&delay) applications will use DiffServ Premium services, while tolerant applications can use Assured services; Multimedia flows multicast to heterogeneous receivers will use Assured services; Problem: Resources aren’t fairly distributed between flows inside a DiffServ service. Differentiated Service (DiffServ) networks divide traffic into different service quality levels, considering their quality requirements:

16. Multi-receiver fair allocation The number of receivers in each multicast flow; A maximal utilization of resources; Differential dropping between flows that overpass their share of service resources; A Multi-Receiver Utilization Maximal fair mechanism (MRUM) is being developed. Provide fair distribution of Assured services resources between multimedia multicast flows considering:

17. Quality of service: pricing Bandwidth: decrease of marginal returns  adaptive services Bandwidth Cost U1 U2 U3Budget

18. Bandwidth pricing Congestion pricing See GWB, turnpike, electricity Higher overall utility Prices constant for periods O(min) Auction or tatonnement pricing Charge for usage and reservation