1. CHEMISTRY It’s About Relationships! The “Dance of Electrons”

2. Problem Solving Algorithm Does the darn thing work? YESNO Don’t Mess With It Did You Mess With It? You Moron Does Anyone Know? You Stupid Moron Will They Catch You? Destroy the Evidence NO PROBLEM Can You Blame Someone Else? Hide it YES NO YES NO YES NO

3. Key Concepts Matter: Elements & Compounds Atoms: Composed of sub- atomic particles Ions: Charged atoms Bonds: Electron ties between atoms

4. ATOMS Nucleus: Protons & Neutrons Orbitals: Electrons

5. IONS Cations: + charge: lost electrons Anions: - charge: gained electrons

6. SPECIAL IONS H+ : “Proton” causing water to be acidic OH - : Hydroxy ion causing water to be basic pH : Logarithmic scale of H+ concentration

7. Question: Why do you think a H + Ion is called a “Proton”? Hint: there is only one electron

8. “Chemistry” is what happens between two or more atoms in their outer most electron shells!

9. Electron Orbitals Each orbital has an “Optimum” number of electrons...

10. “Fullfilling” The needs of the orbitals “Give/Take” Relationships: Ionic Bonds “Shared Interest” Relationships: Covalent Bonding “Unequal Sharing” Relationships: Polar Covalent Bonding

11. “Shall we dance?” Ionic Bonds: Complete Transfer of Electrons – The resulting attraction is electric!

12. Shared Interests Covalent Bonds: “Lets share our stuff- equally or not (Polar Covalent)

13. Chemistry - Relationships Elements = Atoms Subatomic: Protons, Neutrons, Electrons Ions: Charged Atoms Chemical Bonds: Ionic, Covalent, Polar Covalent

14. Point of Interest A Flow of ions is called a current Many cells depend on currents to relay information and accomplish tasks Electrolytes are ions dissolved in water - able to conduct currents

15. Water is a Polar Covalent Molecule One side is slightly more positive and the other is slightly more negative Much of water’s “chemistry” is tied to this polarity Hydrogen Bonds are weak electrical attractions of polar molecules or ions

16. Chemical Formulas H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 NaCl

17. Questions: Answer Questions 1-2: “Develop your REASONING skills” - p. 39