1. Millennium Development Goals United Nations 2000-2015 United Nations 2000-2015

2. 1. Eradicate Extreme Poverty & Hunger World Bank establishes $1/day (US$) as the poverty level.

3. 2. Achieve Universal Primary Education Teachers represent hope How can we hold (inter)national leaders to their promises? Teachers represent hope How can we hold (inter)national leaders to their promises?

4. 3.Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women Why is this crucial for development? 1)Birth Control 2)Improved health benefits economy 3)More likely to send girls to school 4)Can participate in economy to larger extent Why is this crucial for development? 1)Birth Control 2)Improved health benefits economy 3)More likely to send girls to school 4)Can participate in economy to larger extent

5. 4 & 5: Reduce child mortality by 2/3 Improve maternal health –Reduce maternal mortality by 3/4 –Deliberately (?) weakened by the removal of reproductive health and rights rhetoric. Reduce child mortality by 2/3 Improve maternal health –Reduce maternal mortality by 3/4 –Deliberately (?) weakened by the removal of reproductive health and rights rhetoric.

6. 6. Combat HIV/AIDS And malaria, and other diseases. Better health leads to more wealth. No clear agreement about who is in charge of this initiative. Too broad to be effective? And malaria, and other diseases. Better health leads to more wealth. No clear agreement about who is in charge of this initiative. Too broad to be effective?

7. 7. Ensure Environmental Sustainability Urbanization Safe Water & Sanitation Slums of Hope v. Slums of Despair Urbanization Safe Water & Sanitation Slums of Hope v. Slums of Despair

8. 8. A Global Partnership for Development Rich Countries –Relieve Debt –Help with new technologies –Increase Aid Poor Countries –Better governance –Tackle Corruption Rich Countries –Relieve Debt –Help with new technologies –Increase Aid Poor Countries –Better governance –Tackle Corruption

9. Trade Barriers Support developing local economies. Find balance: –Subsidies –Management of surpluses –Foreign aide –Tariffs –Fair pricing Support developing local economies. Find balance: –Subsidies –Management of surpluses –Foreign aide –Tariffs –Fair pricing

10. MGD Leaves Out: Crime Drug Trade Arms Trade Social Issues OR: addressing poverty as a root cause will alleviate these issues? Crime Drug Trade Arms Trade Social Issues OR: addressing poverty as a root cause will alleviate these issues?

11. War on Terror Poses an obstacle for MDG Diverts attention and resources of rich countries Development v. Defense –Which will get at root cause? –Build Peace v. Fight Defensive War Poses an obstacle for MDG Diverts attention and resources of rich countries Development v. Defense –Which will get at root cause? –Build Peace v. Fight Defensive War

12. The Real Leap Forward China and the UN Millennium Development Goals China and the UN Millennium Development Goals

13. Reduced Poverty in China 1978: 250 million below poverty 30% of population 2006: 28.2 million below poverty line. <3% of population World Bank: $1/day China: $0.66/day 1978: 250 million below poverty 30% of population 2006: 28.2 million below poverty line. <3% of population World Bank: $1/day China: $0.66/day

14. Household Responsibility System (1978) End centralized agricultural planning Return communal farms to individual families Aimed at helping rural poor End centralized agricultural planning Return communal farms to individual families Aimed at helping rural poor

15. SW Poverty Alleviation Project Joint project of China and the World Bank Basic Infrastructure Development: –Roads –Electricity –Water management systems –Improved seed and animal stocks –Sustainable, cleaner energy resources Joint project of China and the World Bank Basic Infrastructure Development: –Roads –Electricity –Water management systems –Improved seed and animal stocks –Sustainable, cleaner energy resources

16. Dragon Heads Entrepreneurs Inspire others, create opportunities Risk destabilizing social structure by increasing economic disparity Entrepreneurs Inspire others, create opportunities Risk destabilizing social structure by increasing economic disparity

17. Come Down from the Mountain Rural labor migration Residence permits Facilitate rural poor moving to small cities in a controlled fashion Rural labor migration Residence permits Facilitate rural poor moving to small cities in a controlled fashion

18. Western Development Project Loess Plateau, Yellow River Transform desert into arable land Rehabilitate ecosystem: –Terracing –Cover crops to protect soil –Sustainable clean water –Controlling herds of goats (etc.) Loess Plateau, Yellow River Transform desert into arable land Rehabilitate ecosystem: –Terracing –Cover crops to protect soil –Sustainable clean water –Controlling herds of goats (etc.)

19. More Information www.tve.org/lifeonline –The Millenium Goals - Dream or Reality? –The Real Leap Forward www.mdgmonitor.org/ –Interactive maps and profiles www.un.org/english www.tve.org/lifeonline –The Millenium Goals - Dream or Reality? –The Real Leap Forward www.mdgmonitor.org/ –Interactive maps and profiles www.un.org/english

20. The Buck Stops Here $150 million = Chinese Loess Plateau Project. $40 billion = Microsoft spent to buy Yahoo last week. $275 million/day = US in Iraq $17 billion = US on nuclear weapons in 2007 $1.5 billion = Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation must give away annually to maintain Charitable Organization tax status. $150 million = Chinese Loess Plateau Project. $40 billion = Microsoft spent to buy Yahoo last week. $275 million/day = US in Iraq $17 billion = US on nuclear weapons in 2007 $1.5 billion = Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation must give away annually to maintain Charitable Organization tax status.