2. Public Speaking Stress Bridget Green Extension 2006

3. Public Speaking Word Stress and Sentence Stress Word Stress and Sentence Stress

4. Word Stress In English, words with more than one syllable have stress. In English, words with more than one syllable have stress. A syllable is a part of a word with one vowel sound. A syllable is a part of a word with one vowel sound. Is it important?

5. Word Stress eunuch impotent eunuch impotent unique important unique important

6. Word Stress How many syllables? = How many vowel sounds? rememberradiospecial motorcyclenecessarytechnology becausecountrieseveryone importantimpossibleappointment rememberradiospecial motorcyclenecessarytechnology becausecountrieseveryone importantimpossibleappointment Sounds Great Book 2; Lesson 2

7. Word Stress Check your answers: remember 3radio 3special 2 motorcycle 4necessary 4technology 4 because 2countries 2everyone 3 important 3impossible 4appointment 3 remember 3radio 3special 2 motorcycle 4necessary 4technology 4 because 2countries 2everyone 3 important 3impossible 4appointment 3

8. Word Stress Stress means that one syllable is L O N G E R and LOUDER

9. Word Stress Mark the stressed syllable and say it longer, higher, and louder than the other syllables. rememberradiospecial motorcyclenecessarytechnology becausecountrieseveryone importantimpossibleappointment rememberradiospecial motorcyclenecessarytechnology becausecountrieseveryone importantimpossibleappointment

10. Word Stress LET ’ S PLAY … HUMAN WORD

11. Human Word  Make a group.  Choose a runner.  See a word.  Count the syllables.  Each person becomes a syllable.  Stressed syllable STANDS up.  Say the word.  Make a group.  Choose a runner.  See a word.  Count the syllables.  Each person becomes a syllable.  Stressed syllable STANDS up.  Say the word.

12. Human Word Example: INTERNATIONAL How many syllables? Five. Make each person a syllable. Stressed syllable STANDS up. Say the word. Example: INTERNATIONAL How many syllables? Five. Make each person a syllable. Stressed syllable STANDS up. Say the word. INTER NA TIONAL

13. Public Speaking Sentence Stress

14. In English, sentences also have stress. In English, sentences also have stress. Read the sentences on your handout. First, with a partner, mark the thought groups. Read the sentences on your handout. First, with a partner, mark the thought groups.

15. Thought Groups  The rent is due the first of the month.  You ’ ll find a mailbox a block down the street.  Please leave your number and I ’ ll call you later.  The date of the test was announced in class.  The store will be open from nine to nine.  We were best friends during high school and college.  How did the study give proof that the most visible cars are white and red?  They made reservations to take a vacation the last week of June.  I ’ m reading an article about the latest research on improving memory.  When I came in the room, Ken was on the phone taking a message.  The rent is due the first of the month.  You ’ ll find a mailbox a block down the street.  Please leave your number and I ’ ll call you later.  The date of the test was announced in class.  The store will be open from nine to nine.  We were best friends during high school and college.  How did the study give proof that the most visible cars are white and red?  They made reservations to take a vacation the last week of June.  I ’ m reading an article about the latest research on improving memory.  When I came in the room, Ken was on the phone taking a message.

16. Thought Groups  The rent is due / the first of the month.  You ’ ll find a mailbox / a block down the street.  Please leave your number / and I ’ ll call you later.  The date of the test / was announced in class.  The store will be open / from nine to nine.  We were best friends / during high school and college.  How did the study give proof / that the most visible cars / are white and red?  They made reservations / to take a vacation / the last week of June.  I ’ m reading an article / about the latest research / on improving memory.  When I came in the room, / Ken was on the phone / taking a message.  The rent is due / the first of the month.  You ’ ll find a mailbox / a block down the street.  Please leave your number / and I ’ ll call you later.  The date of the test / was announced in class.  The store will be open / from nine to nine.  We were best friends / during high school and college.  How did the study give proof / that the most visible cars / are white and red?  They made reservations / to take a vacation / the last week of June.  I ’ m reading an article / about the latest research / on improving memory.  When I came in the room, / Ken was on the phone / taking a message.

17. Sentence Stress Here the stress is marked. Listen. Can you hear the stressed words? Here the stress is marked. Listen. Can you hear the stressed words?

18. Sentence Stress  The rent is due / the first of the month.  You ’ ll find a mailbox / a block down the street.  Please leave your number / and I ’ ll call you later.  The date of the test / was announced in class.  The store will be open / from nine to nine.  We were best friends / during high school and college.  How did the study give proof / that the most visible cars / are white and red?  They made reservations / to take a vacation / the last week of June.  I ’ m reading an article / about the latest research / on improving memory.  When I came in the room, / Ken was on the phone / taking a message.  The rent is due / the first of the month.  You ’ ll find a mailbox / a block down the street.  Please leave your number / and I ’ ll call you later.  The date of the test / was announced in class.  The store will be open / from nine to nine.  We were best friends / during high school and college.  How did the study give proof / that the most visible cars / are white and red?  They made reservations / to take a vacation / the last week of June.  I ’ m reading an article / about the latest research / on improving memory.  When I came in the room, / Ken was on the phone / taking a message. Sounds Great Book 2, Chapter 6

19. Which parts of speech are usually stressed? Write them in the correct column on your handout. Which parts of speech are usually stressed? Write them in the correct column on your handout. adjectives adverbs prepositions conjunctions helping verbs to be to have negatives verbs Wh- question words articles pronouns nouns This, that, these, those

20. Sentence Stress Which words are usually stressed? StressedUnstressed nounsprepositions verbsarticles adjectivespronouns adverbshelping verbs to be to have negativesconjunctions Wh- question words This, that, these, those StressedUnstressed nounsprepositions verbsarticles adjectivespronouns adverbshelping verbs to be to have negativesconjunctions Wh- question words This, that, these, those

21. Sentence Stress That ’ s a LOT to remember! Here ’ s an easier rule: That ’ s a LOT to remember! Here ’ s an easier rule: STRESS INFORMATION WORDS. STRESS INFORMATION WORDS.

22. Sentence Stress LET ’ S PLAY … HUMAN SENTENCE

23. Human Sentence  Make a group.  Choose a runner.  See a sentence.  Count the words.  Make each person a word.  Stressed words STAND up.  Say the sentence.  Make a group.  Choose a runner.  See a sentence.  Count the words.  Make each person a word.  Stressed words STAND up.  Say the sentence.

24. Human Sentence Example: He ’ s never going to go. How many words? Five. Make each person a word. Stressed words STAND up. Say the sentence. Example: He ’ s never going to go. How many words? Five. Make each person a word. Stressed words STAND up. Say the sentence. GO He ’ s NEVER going to GO. GO He ’ s NEVER gonna GO. Remember to link!

25. Sentence Stress RULES CONTINUED: 1.Stress information words. 2.Stress important words. 1.Stress information words. 2.Stress important words. The words you stress may change the meaning … Careful!

26. Sentence Stress Michael’s car is white. (normal information/normal stress) Mi chael’s car is white. (…but mine isn’t.) Michael’s car is white.(…but his truck is blue.) Michael’s car is white.(…why are you saying it isn’t?) Michael’s car is white. (…and not some other color.) Michael’s car is white. (normal information/normal stress) Mi chael’s car is white. (…but mine isn’t.) Michael’s car is white.(…but his truck is blue.) Michael’s car is white.(…why are you saying it isn’t?) Michael’s car is white. (…and not some other color.)

27. Sentence Stress Now you try it. Say these sentences. What do they mean? I did it. Emily isn’t here. My RA is pretty. That’s a good idea. I’d like to welcome you to Mukogawa. Now you try it. Say these sentences. What do they mean? I did it. Emily isn’t here. My RA is pretty. That’s a good idea. I’d like to welcome you to Mukogawa.

28. Sentence Stress RULES CONTINUED: 3.Stress surprising words If something is surprising, or contrary to expectations, stress it. ! !

29. Sentence Stress "In a Japanese onsen we don't use soap in the tub after we get in. We use it outside the tub at a faucet near the floor and then we rinse ourselves off before we get in." Normal stress: Example: Taking a bath Example: Taking a bath

30. Sentence Stress In Japan Use soap outside the tub Use soap before we get in In Japan Use soap outside the tub Use soap before we get in "In a Japanese onsen we don't use soap in the tub after we get in. We use it outside the tub at a faucet near the floor and then we rinse ourselves off before we get in." In America Use soap in the tub Use soap after we get in But this is surprising in America.

31. Public Speaking Word Stress and Sentence Stress