1. Schlieren Visualization Method Team Members: Christopher Rauda Richard Nguyen Henry Luong Advisors: Dr. Trinh Pham Dr. Darrell Guillaume

2. Combustion Project ExhaustParticulatesSchlierenReactiveFlowVisualizationNon-ReactiveFlowVisualization

3. Overview  Project Objective  Background  Current Set Up  Progress  Questions

4. Project Objective  To make a relationship between the Schlieren method and swirl number.

5. Background  The strong favorable effects of applying swirl to injected air and fuel are used to stabilize the high intensity combustion process and an efficient clean combustion  Swirl is characterized by S = G φ / G z r o Where G φ and G z are tangential and axial momentum  Swirl number calculation approaches a University of Patras, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Laboratory of Applied Thermodynamics, Greece

6. Background  What is Schlieren? ♦Schlieren method illustrates density gradients. ♦This method utilizes optical mirrors and lenses to produce an image. ♦These are the range in densities found within the flow.

7. Z-Type Schlieren

8. Schlieren Setup Parabolic Mirrors Condenser lense Light Source Slit

12. Current Progress  Successful Schlieren set up  Construction of flow meter mount  Installation of pressure gages  Created connection of tubing to combustion chamber ♦Air ♦Fuel  Initial test of combustion chamber

13. Video

14. Questions

15. Non-Reactive Flow Visualization Joe Ortega Ana Ramos Ana Siu Duc Do Advisors: Dr. Trinh Pham Dr. Darrell Guillaume

16. Overview  Background  Objective  Equipment  Setup  Progress  Future Work

17. Background  Non Reactive Flow ♦Making transparent fluid flow visible without combustion  Non-reactive flow visualization consists of laser tomography – imaging technique used to create “laser sheet” to “light” fluid flow  Using this method to appreciate the flow structures and compare with reactive flow

18. Objective  To produce visual-flow field using: ♦Laser ♦Materials  To capture field with a camera  To analyze the images captured

19. Setup Equipment  Laser/Optics Table Setup ♦Melles Griot 35 mW-head Laser  Red Dot ♦Laser Stop ♦Laser Barrier ♦Laser Mount ♦Glass Rods ♦Glass-Rod Support ♦Tin Cans as mixing and combustion chamber prototypes ♦Flow Meter

20. Laser Flow Visualization Schematic  The simplest method of visualizing flow structures Laser Glass Rod Laser Sheet BarrierLaser stop Test area Combustion Chamber Optics TableLaser Mounts

21. Setup Power Box Laser Laser stop Barrier

22. Accomplishments  Tested Laser beam through different materials ♦Smoke Bombs ♦Dry Ice ♦Incense Sticks  Partially Constructed Air-Smoke Mixing Chamber ♦Used Incense

23. Dry Ice and Incense Experiments

24. Short-Term Goals  Complete Air-Smoke Mixing Chamber  Test Mixing Chamber with prototype chamber

25. Acknowledgements  Dr. Trinh Pham  Dr. Darrell Guillaume  Christopher Reid  Juan Pablo Barquero  Tawana Guillaume  Robert Aguilar  Gustavo Aceves  NASA CSULA Combustion Team