1. The Three Faces of Power The ability to force someone to do something. A causes B to act, and B knows A has the “power.” Coercive. The ability to influence the actions of another. A persuades B to do something, though B is not aware of the persuasion. The structure of the sets of institutions, benefiting A over B, while neither is aware of the background relationship.

2. Power and Leadership Need to distinguish between authority and “leadership.” Sources of authority are often institutional, but they can also be moral. Leadership and a willingness to be led are clearly related, But a willingness to be led varies based on time and circumstances, so successful leadership styles will vary based on time and circumstances, too.

3. Two common ways of thinking about Leadership Transformational Leadership Transactional Leadership

4. Diagrams of Power/Leadership Leadership Diagram: http://clerk.house.gov/members/leadership_info.html http://clerk.house.gov/members/leadership_info.html The Median Voter The Committees Relative to the Floor

6. Leadership Progressions, Percentage of Party Caucus more Moderate than Legislator 1900-2000 HouseSenate Not Currently Holding a Leadership Position 49.9%50.0% Conference or Caucus Chair 57.9(na) Party Whip62.354.4 Majority or Minority Party Leader 63.257.6 Speaker of the House65.8(na)

7. Leadership Extremism Over a Career, Percentage of Party Caucus more Moderate than Legislator, 1900-2000 HouseSenate Member Never Held a Leadership Position 49.8%50.0% Career Before Election to Leadership Team 61.357.6 While Serving on Leadership Team 61.155.8 Career after Leaving Leadership Team 58.152.6

8. Diagrams of Power/Leadership Leadership Diagram: http://clerk.house.gov/members/leadership_info.html http://clerk.house.gov/members/leadership_info.html The Median Voter The Committees Relative to the Floor

9. Lessons from Wilbur Mills Influence versus Power Leadership Types Instrumental – task master Affective – soothes internal tensions Mills saw his role as… Ensuring that W&M bills passed on the floor Generating compromise within committee (to ensure support for final product) Exchange Five bases of Influence: Expertise Legitimacy Rewards Reference Sanctions He’s got the votes.

10. How a Bill Becomes a Law (or at least what we teach, but it’s not so simple) Introduction & Referral Committee Hearings Committee Markups Committee Reports Schedule Floor Action (Rules, UCRs) Floor Votes Conference Committee Conference Report & Floor Vote Presidential Signature (or Veto)