1. Supervised by, Mr. Ashraf Yaseen

2. Overview…. Brief Introduction about Knowledge Acquisition. How it can be achieved?. KA Stages. Model. Problems that are encountered KADS. KADS Principles. References. Brief Introduction about Knowledge Acquisition. How it can be achieved?. KA Stages. Model. Problems that are encountered KADS. KADS Principles. References.

3. Brief Introduction Definition: Knowledge Acquisition (KA) is the transfer and transformation of potential problem solving expertise from some knowledge source to a program. Knowledge Acquisition is a large process itself and is composed of five stages which will be explained later. Definition: Knowledge Acquisition (KA) is the transfer and transformation of potential problem solving expertise from some knowledge source to a program. Knowledge Acquisition is a large process itself and is composed of five stages which will be explained later.

4. How it can be achieved??? Could be achieved by a computer program that creates associations using a large body of case data. Knowledge Elicitation: Series of interviews between the domain expert and the knowledge engineer who then writes a computer program representing the knowledge. Interaction between a domain expert and a computer program Could be achieved by a computer program that creates associations using a large body of case data. Knowledge Elicitation: Series of interviews between the domain expert and the knowledge engineer who then writes a computer program representing the knowledge. Interaction between a domain expert and a computer program

5. KA Stages… The five stages in the KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION Process: 1) Identification- Identifies the problem characteristics 2) Conceptualization - Finds Concepts to represent the knowledge 3) Formalization - Designs the structure to organize the knowledge 4) Implementation - Formulates rules, frames etc. to represent the knowledge 5) Testing - Validates the rules that organize the knowledge The five stages in the KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION Process: 1) Identification- Identifies the problem characteristics 2) Conceptualization - Finds Concepts to represent the knowledge 3) Formalization - Designs the structure to organize the knowledge 4) Implementation - Formulates rules, frames etc. to represent the knowledge 5) Testing - Validates the rules that organize the knowledge

6. KA Stages… IdentificationConceptualization FormalizationImplementation Testing Reformulation Redesign Refinements

7. Model… After the knowledge engineer gets the Information from the expert, this data is used to construct an appropriate model. KADS is an example of a model contains four layers (Strategy, Task, Inference, Domain). Other examples are task based conceptual model like (OPAL system), Metalevel acquisition tool like (DOTS system), and other models.. After the knowledge engineer gets the Information from the expert, this data is used to construct an appropriate model. KADS is an example of a model contains four layers (Strategy, Task, Inference, Domain). Other examples are task based conceptual model like (OPAL system), Metalevel acquisition tool like (DOTS system), and other models..

8. Problems.. There may be some problems with transferring knowledge in the process of knowledge acquisition like: 1) Experts expressing his/her knowledge. (the expert uses a process to solve problems & this process is internal) 2) Transferring the Knowledge to a machine. (in an organized way, In order for the machine to understand or make any sense of the knowledge it has to be in a more detailed/lower level than a human would use). 3) The number of participants involved in the transfer. (may cause problems between participants.) 4) Extracting not only the knowledge but its actual structure too. There may be some problems with transferring knowledge in the process of knowledge acquisition like: 1) Experts expressing his/her knowledge. (the expert uses a process to solve problems & this process is internal) 2) Transferring the Knowledge to a machine. (in an organized way, In order for the machine to understand or make any sense of the knowledge it has to be in a more detailed/lower level than a human would use). 3) The number of participants involved in the transfer. (may cause problems between participants.) 4) Extracting not only the knowledge but its actual structure too.

9. KADS is framework for a modeling approach of knowledge engineering. Knowledge-Based systems are not just containers of knowledge They are operational model that exhibits some desired behavior and impacts real-world phenomena Knowledge elicitation is not just eliciting domain knowledge but also interpreting this data with respect of some conceptual framework, and formalize it in such a way that the program can actually use the knowledge KADS

10. Introduction of multiple models to cope with knowledge engineering complexity The KADS four-layer framework for modeling the required expertise. The reusability of generic model components. The process of differentiating simple models into more complex ones. The importance of structure-perceiving transformation of models of expertise into design and implementation. KADS Principles

11. The motivation of KADS is to manage complexity. The first principle provides multiple models to help knowledge engineering in facing some issues: Defining the problem that the expert system is meant to solve. Defining the function of the expert system Defining the tasks that must be performed to fulfill the expert system’s function Continue…...

12. References “Introduction to Expert System”, 3 rd edition, Peter Jackson. http://www.epistemics.co.uk/Notes/63-0- 0.htm http://www.scism.sbu.ac.uk/inmandw/revi ew/knowacq/review/rev11656.html “Introduction to Expert System”, 3 rd edition, Peter Jackson. http://www.epistemics.co.uk/Notes/63-0- 0.htm http://www.scism.sbu.ac.uk/inmandw/revi ew/knowacq/review/rev11656.html

13. Thank You For Listening