3.  NACTS  North American Aspiration  Greening of the trucks, fuels, stops, and roads  How to get there AGENDA

4. Greening of new trucks Most of the modernization of trucks worldwide follows the US and EU mandate to provide clean motors that can burn the clean fuels motivated by SOx and acid rain concerns. Motors slowly but surely improved, until in 2007 most truck were able to burn the ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD).

5. Greening of old trucks The Diesel Elimination Retrofit Collaborative (DERC) is a model of retrofitting diesel motors on road trucks and at air and seaports with emission filters, traps, and catalytic converters. Making the entire truck, including the bottom, more aerodynamic improves fuel efficiency.

6. Greening of fuels While ULSD and ULSF are a great advance, the next steps will be increasingly expensive, not so much to get the fuels (biodiesel, ethanol, LNG, H, etc.) but to provide the infrastructure to provide these fuels all along the North American shipping routes. Mexico imports most ULSF from US.

7. Greening of truck stops The electrification of truck stops to allow trucks to continue to provide refrigeration, air conditioning, and basic power even when stopped so they do not have to idle would seem to be an easy implementation. IdelAire and Advanced TE has reduced 24,000 metric tons of truck emissions

8. Greening of NAFTA trucks NAFTA trucks are still not approved even though an experimental or demonstration project was underway late in 2007. Supposed safety, labor, and environmental concerns delayed the implementation.

9. The greening of routes The clustering of the loads and stops by NAFTA trucks is stymied by cabotage rules that prevent, for example, a Mexican truck from picking up and delivering freight within the US on its way back to Mexico. So, many trucks enter or exit the US empty.

10. Greening of drayage fleet The drayage fleet, as the traditionally poorly maintained fleet (due to the short routes), is the optimum fleet to target for the newest fuels and upgrades, since a guaranteed supply can be assured through the life of the truck.

11. Greening of corridors “Streams of products, services, and information moving within and through communities in geographic patterns” Colocation of transportation systems, pipe- and power-lines, and other human infrastructure allows green infrastructure/natural capital to retain value elsewhere.

12. Greening of roads While most of the toll roads that trucks travel in North America are modern, trucks still make deliveries along city streets that may be unpaved, dusty or poorly maintained, adding significantly to the PM load for local residents. The NADBank is involved in a loan program to local municipalities and states to pave roads in cities.

13. Greening of ports of entry Trucks have been relegated to truck crossings without dedication of special fast lanes designated for clean green trucks. Such an incentive would motivate many trucking companies to completely modernize their fleets.

14. Greening ports Mass transit lanes or accommodations Inter-modal transfers stations ease crossings Moving the border away from the border with technology and cooperation

15. Greening by rail and sea Rail is already more fuel efficient and has a smaller footprint than trucking Short Sea Shipping is emerging Intermodal transfers are few but city planners recognize their value Land Ports of Entry can become more like sea- and airports

16. Greening depends upon green How to do it all? 1.Recognize the commonality of transborder airsheds (AMI) 2.Begin a revolving Clean Air Investment Trust to loan funds 3.Initiate binational emission reduction, renewable energy, and other credits

17. Congestion pricing At ports of entry: crossing fees ala SENTRI or incentive lanes for cleaner and even cleaner vehicles On roads and in cities: Adjust toll to location and timing of congestion and type/weight of vehicle or value of cargo On vehicles: By mileage efficiency and/or miles driven Revenues used to finance green transport options and cleaner vehicles

18. Greening through greening North American greenhouse gas offset program to allow Canada to buy offsets from Mexico to process oil sands into fuels for North America. Funds are used for conservation, insulation, efficiency, green building, alternative fuels, etc.

19. CONTACT INFO NACTS.ASU.EDU NACTS@ASU.EDU 480-965-1846