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Exercise 6 Tissues
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Organization of Tissues Types There are four major tissue types: 1.Epithelium 2.Connective 3.Muscle 4.Nervous
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Characteristics of Epithelial tissue High cellularity - lots of densely packed cells with … Specialized intercellular contacts - such as tight junctions, desmosomes and gap junctions. Basement membranes & other c.t. support - anchors to connective tissue. Polarity - it has an apical side and a basal side (a free edge and a fixed edge). Avascular - no blood supply. Receive oxygen and nutrients by diffusion Highly mitotic - cells readily regenerate.
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Subcategories of epithelial tissue i.Simple 1.squamous 2.cuboidal 3.columnar ii.Stratified 1.squamous 2.cuboidal 3.columnar iii.Special (doesn’t fall neatly into either of the above) 1.Pseudostratified columnar 2.Transitional
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Simple Squamous Top view Nucleus
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Simple Cuboidal Nuclei
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Simple Columnar Basement membrane Goblet cells
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Pseudostratified columnar a.
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Pseudostratified columnar b. Cilia
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Stratified squamous
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Keratinizing Stratified Squamous Keratin layer of dead cells
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Stratified Cuboidal
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Stratified Columnar Rare, found in the male urethra and few other places.
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Transitional Found only in the urinary tract
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Characteristics of Connective Tissue Common developmental origin - it is all from mesoderm Mostly well vascularized (except cartilages, tendons and ligaments) Low cellularity - the general arrangement is a variable (often scant) number of cells in a non-living matrix. The matrix: fibers of protein (collagen, elastic & reticular) ground substance (proteoglycans, cell adhesion molecules & interstial fluid
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Connective tissue
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Subcategories of Connective tissue i.Embryonic 1.Mesenchyme ii.Connective tissue proper 1.Loose a.Areolar b.Adipose c.Reticular 2.Dense a.Irregular (elastic or yellow) b.Regular (white fibrous) 3.Cartilage a.Hyaline b.Elastic c.Fibrocartilage 4.Bone (osseous) 5.Blood
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Mesenchyme
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Embryonic mesenchyme
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Loose c.t.: areolar
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Loose c.t.: reticular
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Loose c.t.: adipose
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Dense irregular c.t.
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More dense irregular c.t.
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Dense regular c.t.
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Dense regular c.t.: tendon
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Hyaline Cartilage
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Elastic Cartilage
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Bone: compact
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Bone
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Blood
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Skeletal muscle l.sc.s.
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Smooth muscle
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Cardiac muscle
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Nervous tissue
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