1. The Industrial Revolution, 1865-1900 I. Industry Before 1860 A. Craft Production B. The Market and Mass Production 1. De-skilling 2. Mechanization 3. Effects II. The New Economy, 1865-1900 A. Gilded-age Politics B. Invention C. The Large Corporation III. The Working Class A. Machine Tenders B. Child Labor C. Industrial Accidents IV.Resistance A. Economic B. Political

2. Craft Production Hand Labor High Skill Local Family Firms Upward Mobility –apprentice –journeyman –master

3. The Factory and the Machine De-skilling Machines National market Artisan System breaks down

4. The Gilded Age Distributional Politics –patronage Promote Growth Corruption –Credit Mobilier Boss Conkling Pres. Arthur Charles Guiteau Pres. Garfield

5. The Railroad and the Market 187018801890190019101920 60K93K167K194K242K254K

6. New Industries

7. The Corporation Large Integrated Automated  Steel Mill ca. 1920

8. The Corporation (continued) Stockholders Business Elite –Rockefeller, Carnegie, Morgan U.S. Steel Managers Banquet, 1901 

9. Machine Tenders Semi-skilled Work New Workers –Farmboys –Immigrants –Women

10. Child Labor Six percent of children between 10 and 15 worked for wages in the non-agricultural sector (1880)

11. Industrial Accidents

12. Anxiety “the dynamo became a symbol of infinity… Before the end, one began to pray to it; inherited instinct taught the natural expression of man before silent and infinite force.” Henry Adams (1838-1918). The Dynamo and the Virgin (1900)

13. The Labor Movement Knights of Labor, 1869-1887 American Federation of Labor, 1886 to Present

14. Political Reform Weakness of reformers –Mugwumps and Swallowtails are elites –Worried about corruption, not regulation